SNMP (unter CentOS 6.x)

SNMP¹⁾ ist ein, von der IETF entwickeltes, Netzwerkprotokoll um Netzwerkelemente (Server, Switche, Router, Drucker, Rechner etc.) von einer zentralen Station aus überwachen und steuern zu können. Weiter Informationen findet man im folgenden Wikipedia-Artikel.

Falls noch nicht in unserem System vorhanden, installieren wir folgende Pakete:

 # yum install net-snmp net-snmp-utils -y

Die Softwarekomponenten, die uns bei der Installation der RPM-Pakete mit in das System gebracht wurden, fragen wir bei Bedarf einafch mit Hilfe ders Befehls rpm mit der option -qil ab.

net-snmp

 # rpm -qil net-snmp

Name        : net-snmp                     Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version     : 5.5                               Vendor: CentOS
Release     : 41.el6                        Build Date: Fri 22 Jun 2012 04:39:58 PM CEST
Install Date: Tue 10 Jul 2012 10:37:57 PM CEST      Build Host: c6b9.bsys.dev.centos.org
Group       : System Environment/Daemons    Source RPM: net-snmp-5.5-41.el6.src.rpm
Size        : 835719                           License: BSD
Signature   : RSA/SHA1, Mon 25 Jun 2012 12:17:03 AM CEST, Key ID 0946fca2c105b9de
Packager    : CentOS BuildSystem <https://bugs.centos.org>
URL         : https://net-snmp.sourceforge.net/
Summary     : A collection of SNMP protocol tools and libraries
Description :
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a protocol used for
network management. The NET-SNMP project includes various SNMP tools:
an extensible agent, an SNMP library, tools for requesting or setting
information from SNMP agents, tools for generating and handling SNMP
traps and a version of the netstat command which uses SNMP. This
package contains the snmpd and snmptrapd daemons, documentation, etc.

You will probably also want to install the net-snmp-utils package,
which contains NET-SNMP utilities.
/etc/rc.d/init.d/snmpd
/etc/rc.d/init.d/snmptrapd
/etc/snmp
/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
/etc/snmp/snmptrapd.conf
/etc/sysconfig/snmpd
/etc/sysconfig/snmptrapd
/usr/bin/net-snmp-create-v3-user
/usr/bin/snmpconf
/usr/sbin/snmpd
/usr/sbin/snmptrapd
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/AGENT.txt
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/ChangeLog.trimmed
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/EXAMPLE.conf
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/FAQ
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/NEWS
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/PORTING
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/README
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/README.agent-mibs
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/README.agentx
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/README.krb5
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/README.mib2c
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/README.snmpv3
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/README.thread
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/TODO
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/ipf-mod.pl
/usr/share/doc/net-snmp-5.5/passtest
/usr/share/man/man1/net-snmp-create-v3-user.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpconf.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/snmp_config.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/snmpd.conf.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/snmpd.examples.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/snmpd.internal.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/snmptrapd.conf.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/variables.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/snmpd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/snmptrapd.8.gz
/usr/share/snmp
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmp-data
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmp-data/authopts
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmp-data/debugging
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmp-data/mibs
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmp-data/output
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmp-data/snmpconf-config
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmpd-data
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmpd-data/acl
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmpd-data/basic_setup
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmpd-data/extending
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmpd-data/monitor
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmpd-data/operation
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmpd-data/snmpconf-config
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmpd-data/system
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmpd-data/trapsinks
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmptrapd-data
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmptrapd-data/authentication
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmptrapd-data/formatting
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmptrapd-data/logging
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmptrapd-data/runtime
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmptrapd-data/snmpconf-config
/usr/share/snmp/snmpconf-data/snmptrapd-data/traphandle
/var/run/net-snmp

net-snmp-utils

 # rpm -qil net-snmp-utils

Name        : net-snmp-utils               Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version     : 5.5                               Vendor: CentOS
Release     : 41.el6                        Build Date: Fri 22 Jun 2012 04:39:58 PM CEST
Install Date: Tue 17 Jul 2012 09:37:47 PM CEST      Build Host: c6b9.bsys.dev.centos.org
Group       : Applications/System           Source RPM: net-snmp-5.5-41.el6.src.rpm
Size        : 370527                           License: BSD
Signature   : RSA/SHA1, Mon 25 Jun 2012 12:16:15 AM CEST, Key ID 0946fca2c105b9de
Packager    : CentOS BuildSystem <https://bugs.centos.org>
URL         : https://net-snmp.sourceforge.net/
Summary     : Network management utilities using SNMP, from the NET-SNMP project
Description :
The net-snmp-utils package contains various utilities for use with the
NET-SNMP network management project.

Install this package if you need utilities for managing your network
using the SNMP protocol. You will also need to install the net-snmp
package.
/usr/bin/encode_keychange
/usr/bin/snmpbulkget
/usr/bin/snmpbulkwalk
/usr/bin/snmpdelta
/usr/bin/snmpdf
/usr/bin/snmpget
/usr/bin/snmpgetnext
/usr/bin/snmpinform
/usr/bin/snmpnetstat
/usr/bin/snmpset
/usr/bin/snmpstatus
/usr/bin/snmptable
/usr/bin/snmptest
/usr/bin/snmptranslate
/usr/bin/snmptrap
/usr/bin/snmpusm
/usr/bin/snmpvacm
/usr/bin/snmpwalk
/usr/share/man/man1/encode_keychange.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpbulkget.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpbulkwalk.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpcmd.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpconf.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpdelta.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpdf.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpget.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpgetnext.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpinform.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpnetstat.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpset.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpstatus.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmptable.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmptest.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmptranslate.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmptrap.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpusm.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpvacm.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/snmpwalk.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/snmp.conf.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/variables.5.gz

Die Konfiguration des SNMP-Daemons erfolgt über die Konfigurationsdatei /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf.

/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

###############################################################################
#
# snmpd.conf:
#   An example configuration file for configuring the ucd-snmp snmpd agent.
#
###############################################################################
#
# This file is intended to only be as a starting point.  Many more
# configuration directives exist than are mentioned in this file.  For 
# full details, see the snmpd.conf(5) manual page.
#
# All lines beginning with a '#' are comments and are intended for you
# to read.  All other lines are configuration commands for the agent.
 
###############################################################################
# Access Control
###############################################################################
 
# As shipped, the snmpd demon will only respond to queries on the
# system mib group until this file is replaced or modified for
# security purposes.  Examples are shown below about how to increase the
# level of access.
 
# By far, the most common question I get about the agent is "why won't
# it work?", when really it should be "how do I configure the agent to
# allow me to access it?"
#
# By default, the agent responds to the "public" community for read
# only access, if run out of the box without any configuration file in 
# place.  The following examples show you other ways of configuring
# the agent so that you can change the community names, and give
# yourself write access to the mib tree as well.
#
# For more information, read the FAQ as well as the snmpd.conf(5)
# manual page.
 
####
# First, map the community name "public" into a "security name"
 
#       sec.name  source          community
com2sec notConfigUser  default       public
 
####
# Second, map the security name into a group name:
 
#       groupName      securityModel securityName
group   notConfigGroup v1           notConfigUser
group   notConfigGroup v2c           notConfigUser
 
####
# Third, create a view for us to let the group have rights to:
 
# Make at least  snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public system fast again.
#       name           incl/excl     subtree         mask(optional)
view    systemview    included   .1.3.6.1.2.1.1
view    systemview    included   .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1
 
####
# Finally, grant the group read-only access to the systemview view.
 
#       group          context sec.model sec.level prefix read   write  notif
access  notConfigGroup ""      any       noauth    exact  systemview none none
 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
# Here is a commented out example configuration that allows less
# restrictive access.
 
# YOU SHOULD CHANGE THE "COMMUNITY" TOKEN BELOW TO A NEW KEYWORD ONLY
# KNOWN AT YOUR SITE.  YOU *MUST* CHANGE THE NETWORK TOKEN BELOW TO
# SOMETHING REFLECTING YOUR LOCAL NETWORK ADDRESS SPACE.
 
##       sec.name  source          community
#com2sec local     localhost       COMMUNITY
#com2sec mynetwork NETWORK/24      COMMUNITY
 
##     group.name sec.model  sec.name
#group MyRWGroup  any        local
#group MyROGroup  any        mynetwork
#
#group MyRWGroup  any        otherv3user
#...
 
##           incl/excl subtree                          mask
#view all    included  .1                               80
 
## -or just the mib2 tree-
 
#view mib2   included  .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc
 
 
##                context sec.model sec.level prefix read   write  notif
#access MyROGroup ""      any       noauth    0      all    none   none
#access MyRWGroup ""      any       noauth    0      all    all    all
 
 
###############################################################################
# Sample configuration to make net-snmpd RFC 1213.
# Unfortunately v1 and v2c don't allow any user based authentification, so
# opening up the default config is not an option from a security point.
#
# WARNING: If you uncomment the following lines you allow write access to your
# snmpd daemon from any source! To avoid this use different names for your
# community or split out the write access to a different community and 
# restrict it to your local network.
# Also remember to comment the syslocation and syscontact parameters later as
# otherwise they are still read only (see FAQ for net-snmp).
#
 
# First, map the community name "public" into a "security name"
#       sec.name        source          community
#com2sec notConfigUser   default         public
 
# Second, map the security name into a group name:
#       groupName       securityModel   securityName
#group   notConfigGroup  v1              notConfigUser
#group   notConfigGroup  v2c             notConfigUser
 
# Third, create a view for us to let the group have rights to:
# Open up the whole tree for ro, make the RFC 1213 required ones rw.
#       name            incl/excl       subtree mask(optional)
#view    roview          included        .1
#view    rwview          included        system.sysContact
#view    rwview          included        system.sysName
#view    rwview          included        system.sysLocation
#view    rwview          included        interfaces.ifTable.ifEntry.ifAdminStatus
#view    rwview          included        at.atTable.atEntry.atPhysAddress
#view    rwview          included        at.atTable.atEntry.atNetAddress
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipForwarding
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipDefaultTTL
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteDest
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteIfIndex
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMetric1
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMetric2
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMetric3
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMetric4
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteType
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteAge
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMask
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMetric5
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipNetToMediaTable.ipNetToMediaEntry.ipNetToMediaIfIndex
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipNetToMediaTable.ipNetToMediaEntry.ipNetToMediaPhysAddress
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipNetToMediaTable.ipNetToMediaEntry.ipNetToMediaNetAddress
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipNetToMediaTable.ipNetToMediaEntry.ipNetToMediaType
#view    rwview          included        tcp.tcpConnTable.tcpConnEntry.tcpConnState
#view    rwview          included        egp.egpNeighTable.egpNeighEntry.egpNeighEventTrigger
#view    rwview          included        snmp.snmpEnableAuthenTraps
 
# Finally, grant the group read-only access to the systemview view.
#       group          context sec.model sec.level prefix read   write  notif
#access  notConfigGroup ""      any       noauth    exact  roview rwview none
 
 
 
###############################################################################
# System contact information
#
 
# It is also possible to set the sysContact and sysLocation system
# variables through the snmpd.conf file:
 
syslocation Unknown (edit /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)
syscontact Root <root@localhost> (configure /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf)
 
# Example output of snmpwalk:
#   % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public system
#   system.sysDescr.0 = "SunOS name sun4c"
#   system.sysObjectID.0 = OID: enterprises.ucdavis.ucdSnmpAgent.sunos4
#   system.sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (595637548) 68 days, 22:32:55
#   system.sysContact.0 = "Me <me@somewhere.org>"
#   system.sysName.0 = "name"
#   system.sysLocation.0 = "Right here, right now."
#   system.sysServices.0 = 72
 
 
###############################################################################
# Logging
#
 
# We do not want annoying "Connection from UDP: " messages in syslog.
# If the following option is commented out, snmpd will print each incoming
# connection, which can be useful for debugging.
 
dontLogTCPWrappersConnects yes
 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
###############################################################################
# Process checks.
#
#  The following are examples of how to use the agent to check for
#  processes running on the host.  The syntax looks something like:
#
#  proc NAME [MAX=0] [MIN=0]
#
#  NAME:  the name of the process to check for.  It must match
#         exactly (ie, http will not find httpd processes).
#  MAX:   the maximum number allowed to be running.  Defaults to 0.
#  MIN:   the minimum number to be running.  Defaults to 0.
 
#
#  Examples (commented out by default):
#
 
#  Make sure mountd is running
#proc mountd
 
#  Make sure there are no more than 4 ntalkds running, but 0 is ok too.
#proc ntalkd 4
 
#  Make sure at least one sendmail, but less than or equal to 10 are running.
#proc sendmail 10 1
 
#  A snmpwalk of the process mib tree would look something like this:
# 
# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.2
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prIndex.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prIndex.2 = 2
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prIndex.3 = 3
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prNames.1 = "mountd"
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prNames.2 = "ntalkd"
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prNames.3 = "sendmail"
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMin.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMin.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMin.3 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMax.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMax.2 = 4
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMax.3 = 10
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prCount.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prCount.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prCount.3 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrorFlag.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrorFlag.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrorFlag.3 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrMessage.1 = "No mountd process running."
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrMessage.2 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrMessage.3 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrFix.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrFix.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrFix.3 = 0
#
#  Note that the errorFlag for mountd is set to 1 because one is not
#  running (in this case an rpc.mountd is, but thats not good enough),
#  and the ErrMessage tells you what's wrong.  The configuration
#  imposed in the snmpd.conf file is also shown.  
# 
#  Special Case:  When the min and max numbers are both 0, it assumes
#  you want a max of infinity and a min of 1.
#
 
 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
###############################################################################
# Executables/scripts
#
 
#
#  You can also have programs run by the agent that return a single
#  line of output and an exit code.  Here are two examples.
#
#  exec NAME PROGRAM [ARGS ...]
#
#  NAME:     A generic name. The name must be unique for each exec statement.
#  PROGRAM:  The program to run.  Include the path!
#  ARGS:     optional arguments to be passed to the program
 
# a simple hello world
 
#exec echotest /bin/echo hello world
 
# Run a shell script containing:
#
# #!/bin/sh
# echo hello world
# echo hi there
# exit 35
#
# Note:  this has been specifically commented out to prevent
# accidental security holes due to someone else on your system writing
# a /tmp/shtest before you do.  Uncomment to use it.
#
#exec shelltest /bin/sh /tmp/shtest
 
# Then, 
# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.8
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extIndex.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extIndex.2 = 2
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extNames.1 = "echotest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extNames.2 = "shelltest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extCommand.1 = "/bin/echo hello world"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extCommand.2 = "/bin/sh /tmp/shtest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extResult.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extResult.2 = 35
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extOutput.1 = "hello world."
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extOutput.2 = "hello world."
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extErrFix.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extErrFix.2 = 0
 
# Note that the second line of the /tmp/shtest shell script is cut
# off.  Also note that the exit status of 35 was returned.
 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
###############################################################################
# disk checks
#
 
# The agent can check the amount of available disk space, and make
# sure it is above a set limit.  
 
# disk PATH [MIN=100000]
#
# PATH:  mount path to the disk in question.
# MIN:   Disks with space below this value will have the Mib's errorFlag set.
#        Default value = 100000.
 
# Check the / partition and make sure it contains at least 10 megs.
 
#disk / 10000
 
# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskIndex.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskPath.1 = "/" Hex: 2F 
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskDevice.1 = "/dev/dsk/c201d6s0"
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskMinimum.1 = 10000
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskTotal.1 = 837130
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskAvail.1 = 316325
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskUsed.1 = 437092
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskPercent.1 = 58
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskErrorFlag.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskErrorMsg.1 = ""
 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
###############################################################################
# load average checks
#
 
# load [1MAX=12.0] [5MAX=12.0] [15MAX=12.0]
#
# 1MAX:   If the 1 minute load average is above this limit at query
#         time, the errorFlag will be set.
# 5MAX:   Similar, but for 5 min average.
# 15MAX:  Similar, but for 15 min average.
 
# Check for loads:
#load 12 14 14
 
# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.10
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveIndex.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveIndex.2 = 2
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveIndex.3 = 3
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveNames.1 = "Load-1"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveNames.2 = "Load-5"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveNames.3 = "Load-15"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveLoad.1 = "0.49" Hex: 30 2E 34 39 
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveLoad.2 = "0.31" Hex: 30 2E 33 31 
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveLoad.3 = "0.26" Hex: 30 2E 32 36 
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveConfig.1 = "12.00"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveConfig.2 = "14.00"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveConfig.3 = "14.00"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrorFlag.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrorFlag.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrorFlag.3 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrMessage.1 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrMessage.2 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrMessage.3 = ""
 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
###############################################################################
# Extensible sections.
# 
 
# This alleviates the multiple line output problem found in the
# previous executable mib by placing each mib in its own mib table:
 
# Run a shell script containing:
#
# #!/bin/sh
# echo hello world
# echo hi there
# exit 35
#
# Note:  this has been specifically commented out to prevent
# accidental security holes due to someone else on your system writing
# a /tmp/shtest before you do.  Uncomment to use it.
#
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.50 shelltest /bin/sh /tmp/shtest
 
# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.50
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.1.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.2.1 = "shelltest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.3.1 = "/bin/sh /tmp/shtest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.100.1 = 35
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.101.1 = "hello world."
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.101.2 = "hi there."
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.102.1 = 0
 
# Now the Output has grown to two lines, and we can see the 'hi
# there.' output as the second line from our shell script.
#
# Note that you must alter the mib.txt file to be correct if you want
# the .50.* outputs above to change to reasonable text descriptions.
 
# Other ideas:
# 
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.51 ps /bin/ps 
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.52 top /usr/local/bin/top
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.53 mailq /usr/bin/mailq
 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
###############################################################################
# Pass through control.
# 
 
# Usage:
#   pass MIBOID EXEC-COMMAND
#
# This will pass total control of the mib underneath the MIBOID
# portion of the mib to the EXEC-COMMAND.  
#
# Note:  You'll have to change the path of the passtest script to your
# source directory or install it in the given location.
# 
# Example:  (see the script for details)
#           (commented out here since it requires that you place the
#           script in the right location. (its not installed by default))
 
# pass .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255 /bin/sh /usr/local/local/passtest
 
# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.1 = "life the universe and everything"
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.2.1 = 42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.2.2 = OID: 42.42.42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.3 = Timeticks: (363136200) 42 days, 0:42:42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.4 = IpAddress: 127.0.0.1
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.5 = 42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.6 = Gauge: 42
#
# % snmpget -v 1 localhost public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255.5
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.5 = 42
#
# % snmpset -v 1 localhost public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255.1 s "New string"
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.1 = "New string"
#
 
# For specific usage information, see the man/snmpd.conf.5 manual page
# as well as the local/passtest script used in the above example.
 
###############################################################################
# Further Information
#
#  See the snmpd.conf manual page, and the output of "snmpd -H".

Im ersten Step wollen wir mal erreichen, dass mit einem gesonderten Passwort der Zugriff von der lokalen Maschine via localhost und aus dem eignenen Netzsegment nur noch antwortet. Die Vorgabemusterdatei passen wir nun für unseren ersten Test wie nachfolgend an.

 # vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

###############################################################################
#
# snmpd.conf:
#   An example configuration file for configuring the ucd-snmp snmpd agent.
#
###############################################################################
#
# This file is intended to only be as a starting point.  Many more
# configuration directives exist than are mentioned in this file.  For 
# full details, see the snmpd.conf(5) manual page.
#
# All lines beginning with a '#' are comments and are intended for you
# to read.  All other lines are configuration commands for the agent.
 
###############################################################################
# Access Control
###############################################################################
 
# As shipped, the snmpd demon will only respond to queries on the
# system mib group until this file is replaced or modified for
# security purposes.  Examples are shown below about how to increase the
# level of access.
 
# By far, the most common question I get about the agent is "why won't
# it work?", when really it should be "how do I configure the agent to
# allow me to access it?"
#
# By default, the agent responds to the "public" community for read
# only access, if run out of the box without any configuration file in 
# place.  The following examples show you other ways of configuring
# the agent so that you can change the community names, and give
# yourself write access to the mib tree as well.
#
# For more information, read the FAQ as well as the snmpd.conf(5)
# manual page.
 
####
# First, map the community name "public" into a "security name"
 
#       sec.name  source          community
# Django : 2012-07-17
# default: com2sec notConfigUser  default       public
com2sec local           localhost       private
com2sec mynetwork       10.0.0.0/24     public
 
####
# Second, map the security name into a group name:
 
#       groupName      securityModel securityName
# Django : 2012-07-17
# default: group   notConfigGroup v1           notConfigUser
#          group   notConfigGroup v2c           notConfigUser
group   MyROGroup       v1      local
group   MyROGroup       v2c     local
group   MyROGroup       v1      mynetwork
group   MyROGroup       v2c     mynetwork
 
####
# Third, create a view for us to let the group have rights to:
 
# Make at least  snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public system fast again.
#       name           incl/excl     subtree         mask(optional)
# Django : 2012-07-17
# default: view    systemview    included   .1.3.6.1.2.1.1
#          view    systemview    included   .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1
view    all     included        .iso      80
 
####
# Finally, grant the group read-only access to the systemview view.
 
#       group          context sec.model sec.level prefix read   write  notif
# Django : 2012-07-17
# default: access  notConfigGroup ""      any       noauth    exact  systemview none none
access  MyROGroup       ""      any     noauth  exact   all     none    none
access  MyRWGroup       ""      any     noauth  exact   all     all     none
 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
# Here is a commented out example configuration that allows less
# restrictive access.
 
# YOU SHOULD CHANGE THE "COMMUNITY" TOKEN BELOW TO A NEW KEYWORD ONLY
# KNOWN AT YOUR SITE.  YOU *MUST* CHANGE THE NETWORK TOKEN BELOW TO
# SOMETHING REFLECTING YOUR LOCAL NETWORK ADDRESS SPACE.
 
##       sec.name  source          community
#com2sec local     localhost       COMMUNITY
#com2sec mynetwork NETWORK/24      COMMUNITY
 
##     group.name sec.model  sec.name
#group MyRWGroup  any        local
#group MyROGroup  any        mynetwork
#
#group MyRWGroup  any        otherv3user
#...
 
##           incl/excl subtree                          mask
#view all    included  .1                               80
 
## -or just the mib2 tree-
 
#view mib2   included  .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc
 
 
##                context sec.model sec.level prefix read   write  notif
#access MyROGroup ""      any       noauth    0      all    none   none
#access MyRWGroup ""      any       noauth    0      all    all    all
 
 
###############################################################################
# Sample configuration to make net-snmpd RFC 1213.
# Unfortunately v1 and v2c don't allow any user based authentification, so
# opening up the default config is not an option from a security point.
#
# WARNING: If you uncomment the following lines you allow write access to your
# snmpd daemon from any source! To avoid this use different names for your
# community or split out the write access to a different community and 
# restrict it to your local network.
# Also remember to comment the syslocation and syscontact parameters later as
# otherwise they are still read only (see FAQ for net-snmp).
#
 
# First, map the community name "public" into a "security name"
#       sec.name        source          community
#com2sec notConfigUser   default         public
 
# Second, map the security name into a group name:
#       groupName       securityModel   securityName
#group   notConfigGroup  v1              notConfigUser
#group   notConfigGroup  v2c             notConfigUser
 
# Third, create a view for us to let the group have rights to:
# Open up the whole tree for ro, make the RFC 1213 required ones rw.
#       name            incl/excl       subtree mask(optional)
#view    roview          included        .1
#view    rwview          included        system.sysContact
#view    rwview          included        system.sysName
#view    rwview          included        system.sysLocation
#view    rwview          included        interfaces.ifTable.ifEntry.ifAdminStatus
#view    rwview          included        at.atTable.atEntry.atPhysAddress
#view    rwview          included        at.atTable.atEntry.atNetAddress
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipForwarding
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipDefaultTTL
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteDest
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteIfIndex
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMetric1
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMetric2
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMetric3
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMetric4
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteType
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteAge
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMask
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMetric5
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipNetToMediaTable.ipNetToMediaEntry.ipNetToMediaIfIndex
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipNetToMediaTable.ipNetToMediaEntry.ipNetToMediaPhysAddress
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipNetToMediaTable.ipNetToMediaEntry.ipNetToMediaNetAddress
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipNetToMediaTable.ipNetToMediaEntry.ipNetToMediaType
#view    rwview          included        tcp.tcpConnTable.tcpConnEntry.tcpConnState
#view    rwview          included        egp.egpNeighTable.egpNeighEntry.egpNeighEventTrigger
#view    rwview          included        snmp.snmpEnableAuthenTraps
 
# Finally, grant the group read-only access to the systemview view.
#       group          context sec.model sec.level prefix read   write  notif
#access  notConfigGroup ""      any       noauth    exact  roview rwview none
 
 
 
###############################################################################
# System contact information
#
 
# It is also possible to set the sysContact and sysLocation system
# variables through the snmpd.conf file:
 
# Django : 2012-07-17
# default: syslocation Unknown (edit /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)
#          syscontact Root <root@localhost> (configure /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf)
syslocation "vml000010, vHost auf pml010002, EDV-Schrank im UG - HE16, nausch.org"
syscontact django@nausch.org
 
# Example output of snmpwalk:
#   % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public system
#   system.sysDescr.0 = "SunOS name sun4c"
#   system.sysObjectID.0 = OID: enterprises.ucdavis.ucdSnmpAgent.sunos4
#   system.sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (595637548) 68 days, 22:32:55
#   system.sysContact.0 = "Me <me@somewhere.org>"
#   system.sysName.0 = "name"
#   system.sysLocation.0 = "Right here, right now."
#   system.sysServices.0 = 72
 
 
###############################################################################
# Logging
#
 
# We do not want annoying "Connection from UDP: " messages in syslog.
# If the following option is commented out, snmpd will print each incoming
# connection, which can be useful for debugging.
 
dontLogTCPWrappersConnects yes
 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
###############################################################################
# Process checks.
#
#  The following are examples of how to use the agent to check for
#  processes running on the host.  The syntax looks something like:
#
#  proc NAME [MAX=0] [MIN=0]
#
#  NAME:  the name of the process to check for.  It must match
#         exactly (ie, http will not find httpd processes).
#  MAX:   the maximum number allowed to be running.  Defaults to 0.
#  MIN:   the minimum number to be running.  Defaults to 0.
 
#
#  Examples (commented out by default):
#
 
#  Make sure mountd is running
#proc mountd
 
#  Make sure there are no more than 4 ntalkds running, but 0 is ok too.
#proc ntalkd 4
 
#  Make sure at least one sendmail, but less than or equal to 10 are running.
#proc sendmail 10 1
 
#  A snmpwalk of the process mib tree would look something like this:
# 
# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.2
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prIndex.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prIndex.2 = 2
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prIndex.3 = 3
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prNames.1 = "mountd"
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prNames.2 = "ntalkd"
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prNames.3 = "sendmail"
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMin.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMin.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMin.3 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMax.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMax.2 = 4
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMax.3 = 10
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prCount.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prCount.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prCount.3 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrorFlag.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrorFlag.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrorFlag.3 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrMessage.1 = "No mountd process running."
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrMessage.2 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrMessage.3 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrFix.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrFix.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrFix.3 = 0
#
#  Note that the errorFlag for mountd is set to 1 because one is not
#  running (in this case an rpc.mountd is, but thats not good enough),
#  and the ErrMessage tells you what's wrong.  The configuration
#  imposed in the snmpd.conf file is also shown.  
# 
#  Special Case:  When the min and max numbers are both 0, it assumes
#  you want a max of infinity and a min of 1.
#
 
 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
###############################################################################
# Executables/scripts
#
 
#
#  You can also have programs run by the agent that return a single
#  line of output and an exit code.  Here are two examples.
#
#  exec NAME PROGRAM [ARGS ...]
#
#  NAME:     A generic name. The name must be unique for each exec statement.
#  PROGRAM:  The program to run.  Include the path!
#  ARGS:     optional arguments to be passed to the program
 
# a simple hello world
 
#exec echotest /bin/echo hello world
 
# Run a shell script containing:
#
# #!/bin/sh
# echo hello world
# echo hi there
# exit 35
#
# Note:  this has been specifically commented out to prevent
# accidental security holes due to someone else on your system writing
# a /tmp/shtest before you do.  Uncomment to use it.
#
#exec shelltest /bin/sh /tmp/shtest
 
# Then, 
# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.8
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extIndex.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extIndex.2 = 2
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extNames.1 = "echotest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extNames.2 = "shelltest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extCommand.1 = "/bin/echo hello world"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extCommand.2 = "/bin/sh /tmp/shtest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extResult.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extResult.2 = 35
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extOutput.1 = "hello world."
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extOutput.2 = "hello world."
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extErrFix.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extErrFix.2 = 0
 
# Note that the second line of the /tmp/shtest shell script is cut
# off.  Also note that the exit status of 35 was returned.
 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
###############################################################################
# disk checks
#
 
# The agent can check the amount of available disk space, and make
# sure it is above a set limit.  
 
# disk PATH [MIN=100000]
#
# PATH:  mount path to the disk in question.
# MIN:   Disks with space below this value will have the Mib's errorFlag set.
#        Default value = 100000.
 
# Check the / partition and make sure it contains at least 10 megs.
 
#disk / 10000
 
 
# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskIndex.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskPath.1 = "/" Hex: 2F 
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskDevice.1 = "/dev/dsk/c201d6s0"
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskMinimum.1 = 10000
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskTotal.1 = 837130
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskAvail.1 = 316325
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskUsed.1 = 437092
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskPercent.1 = 58
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskErrorFlag.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskErrorMsg.1 = ""
 
# Django : 2012-07-31
# folgende Partitionen definiert
disk /
disk /boot
disk /var/log
 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
###############################################################################
# load average checks
#
 
# load [1MAX=12.0] [5MAX=12.0] [15MAX=12.0]
#
# 1MAX:   If the 1 minute load average is above this limit at query
#         time, the errorFlag will be set.
# 5MAX:   Similar, but for 5 min average.
# 15MAX:  Similar, but for 15 min average.
 
# Check for loads:
load 12 14 14
 
# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.10
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveIndex.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveIndex.2 = 2
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveIndex.3 = 3
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveNames.1 = "Load-1"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveNames.2 = "Load-5"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveNames.3 = "Load-15"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveLoad.1 = "0.49" Hex: 30 2E 34 39 
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveLoad.2 = "0.31" Hex: 30 2E 33 31 
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveLoad.3 = "0.26" Hex: 30 2E 32 36 
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveConfig.1 = "12.00"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveConfig.2 = "14.00"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveConfig.3 = "14.00"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrorFlag.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrorFlag.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrorFlag.3 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrMessage.1 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrMessage.2 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrMessage.3 = ""
 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
###############################################################################
# Extensible sections.
# 
 
# This alleviates the multiple line output problem found in the
# previous executable mib by placing each mib in its own mib table:
 
# Run a shell script containing:
#
# #!/bin/sh
# echo hello world
# echo hi there
# exit 35
#
# Note:  this has been specifically commented out to prevent
# accidental security holes due to someone else on your system writing
# a /tmp/shtest before you do.  Uncomment to use it.
#
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.50 shelltest /bin/sh /tmp/shtest
 
# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.50
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.1.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.2.1 = "shelltest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.3.1 = "/bin/sh /tmp/shtest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.100.1 = 35
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.101.1 = "hello world."
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.101.2 = "hi there."
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.102.1 = 0
 
# Now the Output has grown to two lines, and we can see the 'hi
# there.' output as the second line from our shell script.
#
# Note that you must alter the mib.txt file to be correct if you want
# the .50.* outputs above to change to reasonable text descriptions.
 
# Other ideas:
# 
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.51 ps /bin/ps 
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.52 top /usr/local/bin/top
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.53 mailq /usr/bin/mailq
 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
###############################################################################
# Pass through control.
# 
 
# Usage:
#   pass MIBOID EXEC-COMMAND
#
# This will pass total control of the mib underneath the MIBOID
# portion of the mib to the EXEC-COMMAND.  
#
# Note:  You'll have to change the path of the passtest script to your
# source directory or install it in the given location.
# 
# Example:  (see the script for details)
#           (commented out here since it requires that you place the
#           script in the right location. (its not installed by default))
 
# pass .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255 /bin/sh /usr/local/local/passtest
 
# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.1 = "life the universe and everything"
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.2.1 = 42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.2.2 = OID: 42.42.42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.3 = Timeticks: (363136200) 42 days, 0:42:42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.4 = IpAddress: 127.0.0.1
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.5 = 42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.6 = Gauge: 42
#
# % snmpget -v 1 localhost public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255.5
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.5 = 42
#
# % snmpset -v 1 localhost public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255.1 s "New string"
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.1 = "New string"
#
 
# For specific usage information, see the man/snmpd.conf.5 manual page
# as well as the local/passtest script used in the above example.
 
###############################################################################
# Further Information
#
#  See the snmpd.conf manual page, and the output of "snmpd -H".

Nachdem die Konfigurationsdatei mit jeder Menge Kommentare bestückt ist, sehen wir uns erst einmal an, was dort aktuell aktiviert wurde.

 # egrep -v '(^.*#|^$)' /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

com2sec local           localhost       private
com2sec mynetwork       10.0.0.0/24     public
group   MyROGroup       v1      local
group   MyROGroup       v2c     local
group   MyROGroup       v1      mynetwork
group   MyROGroup       v2c     mynetwork
view    all     included        .iso      80
access  MyROGroup       ""      any     noauth  exact   all     none    none
access  MyRWGroup       ""      any     noauth  exact   all     all     none
syslocation "vml000010, vHost auf pml010002, EDV-Schrank im UG - HE16, nausch.org"
syscontact django@nausch.org
dontLogTCPWrappersConnects yes
disk /
disk /boot
disk /var/log
load 12 14 14

Mit dieser minimalen Konfiguration des SNMP-Daemon können folgende Parameter abgefragt werden:

CPU Auslastung und durchschnittliche Belastung (load)
Anzahl der Prozesse
Speicher und SWAP-Nutzung
Laufwerksauslastung
eingeloggte User
Netzwerk-Schnittstellen

Genauere Hinweise zur Konfiguration findet man übrigends in der Manpage von snmp.conf.

 # man snmp.conf

SNMP.CONF(5)                       Net-SNMP                       SNMP.CONF(5)

NAME
       snmp.conf - configuration files for the Net-SNMP applications

DESCRIPTION
       Applications  built  using  the  Net-SNMP  libraries typically use one or more configuration files to control various aspects of their
       operation.  These files (snmp.conf and snmp.local.conf) can be located in one of several locations, as described in the snmp_config(5)
       manual page.

       In  particular, /etc/snmp/snmp.conf is a common file, containing the settings shared by all users of the system.  ~/.snmp/snmp.conf is
       a personal file, with the settings specific to a particular user.

IMPORTANT NOTE
       Several of these directives may contain sensitive information (such as pass phrases).  Configuration files that include such  settings
       should only be readable by the user concerned.

       As well as application-specific configuration tokens, there are several directives that relate to standard library behaviour, relevant
       to most Net-SNMP applications.  Many of these correspond to standard command-line options, which are described in the snmpcmd(1)  man-
       ual page.

       These directives can be divided into several distinct groups.

CLIENT BEHAVIOUR
       defDomain application domain
              The transport domain that should be used for a certain application type unless something else is specified.

       defTarget application domain target
              The target that should be used for connections to a certain application if the connection should be in a specific domain.

       defaultPort PORT
              defines  the  default  UDP port that client SNMP applications will attempt to connect to.  This can be overridden by explicitly
              including a port number in the AGENT specification.  See the snmpcmd(1) manual page for more details.

              If not specified, the default value for this token is 161.

       defVersion (1|2c|3)
              defines the default version of SNMP to use.  This can be overridden using the -v option.

       defCommunity STRING
              defines the default community to use for SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c requests.  This can be overridden using the -c option.

       alias NAME DEFINITION
              Creates an aliased tied to NAME for a given transport definition.  The alias can the be referred to  using  an  alias:  prefix.
              Eg,  a  line  of  "alias  here  udp:127.0.0.1:6161"  would  allow  you  to  use  a  destination host of "alias:here" instead of
              "udp:127.0.0.1:6161".  This becomes more useful with complex transport addresses involving IPv6 addresses, etc.

       dumpPacket yes
              defines whether to display a hexadecimal dump of the raw SNMP requests sent and received by the application.  This  is  equiva-
              lent to the -d option.
       doDebugging (1|0)
              turns on debugging for all applications run if set to 1.

       debugTokens TOKEN[,TOKEN...]
              defines the debugging tokens that should be turned on when doDebugging is set.  This is equivalent to the -D option.

       16bitIDs yes
              restricts requestIDs, etc to 16-bit values.

              The  SNMP  specifications  define  these ID fields as 32-bit quantities, and the Net-SNMP library typically initialises them to
              random values for security.  However certain (broken) agents cannot handle ID values greater than 2^16  -  this  option  allows
              interoperability with such agents.

       clientaddr [<transport-specifier>:]<transport-address>
              specifies the source address to be used by command-line applications when sending SNMP requests. See snmpcmd(1) for more infor-
              mation about the format of addresses.

              This value is also used by snmpd when generating notifications.

       clientRecvBuf INTEGER
              specifies the desired size of the buffer to be used when receiving responses to SNMP requests.  If the OS hard limit  is  lower
              than  the  clientRecvBuf  value,  then this will be used instead.  Some platforms may decide to increase the size of the buffer
              actually used for internal housekeeping.

              This directive will be ignored if the platforms does not support setsockopt().

       clientSendBuf INTEGER
              is similar to clientRecvBuf, but applies to the size of the buffer used when sending SNMP requests.

       noRangeCheck yes
              disables the validation of varbind values against the MIB definition for the relevant OID.   This  is  equivalent  to  the  -Ir
              option.

              This  directive  is primarily relevant to the snmpset command, but will also apply to any application that calls snmp_add_var()
              with a non-NULL value.

       noTokenWarnings
              disables warnings about unknown config file tokens.

       reverseEncodeBER (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              controls how the encoding of SNMP requests is handled.

              The default behaviour is to encode packets starting from the end of the PDU and working backwards.  This directive can be  used
              to disable this behaviour, and build the encoded request in the (more obvious) forward direction.

              It  should not normally be necessary to change this setting, as the encoding is basically the same in either case - but working
              backwards typically produces a slightly more efficient encoding, and hence a smaller network datagram.

SNMPv3 SETTINGS
       defSecurityName STRING
              defines the default security name to use for SNMPv3 requests.  This can be overridden using the -u option.

       defSecurityLevel noAuthNoPriv|authNoPriv|authPriv
              defines the default security level to use for SNMPv3 requests.  This can be overridden using the -l option.

              If not specified, the default value for this token is noAuthNoPriv.

              Note:  authPriv is only available if the software has been compiled to use the OpenSSL libraries.

       defPassphrase STRING

       defAuthPassphrase STRING

       defPrivPassphrase STRING
              define the default authentication and privacy pass phrases to use for SNMPv3 requests.  These can be overridden  using  the  -A
              and -X options respectively.

              The  defPassphrase  value will be used for the authentication and/or privacy pass phrases if either of the other directives are
              not specified.

       defAuthType MD5|SHA

       defPrivType DES|AES
              define the default authentication and privacy protocols to use for SNMPv3 requests.  These can be overridden using the  -a  and
              -x options respectively.

              If not specified, SNMPv3 requests will default to MD5 authentication and DES encryption.

              Note:  If  the software has not been compiled to use the OpenSSL libraries, then only MD5 authentication is supported.  Neither
                     SHA authentication nor any form of encryption will be available.

       defContext STRING
              defines the default context to use for SNMPv3 requests.  This can be overridden using the -n option.

              If not specified, the default value for this token is the default context (i.e. the empty string "").

       defSecurityModel STRING
              defines the security model to use for SNMPv3 requests.  The default value is "usm" which is the only widely used security model
              for SNMPv3.

       defAuthMasterKey 0xHEXSTRING

       defPrivMasterKey 0xHEXSTRING

       defAuthLocalizedKey 0xHEXSTRING

       defPrivLocalizedKey 0xHEXSTRING
              define  the  (hexadecimal)  keys  to  be  used  for  SNMPv3  secure  communications.  SNMPv3 keys are frequently derived from a
              passphrase, as discussed in the defPassphrase section above. However for improved security a truely random key can be generated
              and  used  instead  (which  would normally has better entropy than a password unless it is amazingly long).  The directives are
              equivalent to the short-form command line options -3m, -3M, -3k, and -3K.

              Localized keys are master keys which have been converted to a unique key which is only suitable for on particular  SNMP  engine
              (agent).  The length of the key needs to be appropriate for the authentication or encryption type being used (auth keys: MD5=16
              bytes, SHA1=20 bytes; priv keys: DES=16 bytes (8 bytes of which is used as an IV and not a key), and AES=16 bytes).

       sshtosnmpsocketperms PATH
              Sets the path of the sshtosnmp socket created by an application (e.g. snmpd) listening for incoming ssh connections through the
              sshtosnmp unix socket.

       sshtosnmpsocketperms MODE [OWNER [GROUP]]
              Sets  the  mode, owner and group of the sshtosnmp socket created by an application (e.g. snmpd) listening for incoming ssh con-
              nections through the sshtosnmp unix socket.  The socket needs to be read/write privileged for SSH users  that  are  allowed  to
              connect to the SNMP service (VACM access still needs to be granted as well, most likely through the TSM security model).

SERVER BEHAVIOUR
       persistentDir DIRECTORY
              defines the directory where snmpd and snmptrapd store persistent configuration settings.

              If not specified, the persistent directory defaults to /var/lib/net-snmp

       noPersistentLoad yes

       noPersistentSave yes
              disable the loading and saving of persistent configuration information.

              Note:  This  will  break  SNMPv3 operations (and other behaviour that relies on changes persisting across application restart).
                     Use With Care.

       tempFilePattern PATTERN
              defines a filename template for creating temporary files, for handling input to and output from external shell commands.   Used
              by the mkstemp() and mktemp() functions.

              If not specified, the default pattern is "/var/run/net-snmp/snmp-tmp-XXXXXX".

       serverRecvBuf INTEGER
              specifies  the desired size of the buffer to be used when receiving incoming SNMP requests.  If the OS hard limit is lower than
              the serverRecvBuf value, then this will be used instead.  Some platforms may decide to increase the size of the buffer actually
              used for internal housekeeping.

              This directive will be ignored if the platforms does not support setsockopt().

       serverSendBuf INTEGER
              is similar to serverRecvBuf, but applies to the size of the buffer used when sending SNMP responses.

MIB HANDLING
       mibdirs DIRLIST
              specifies  a  list of directories to search for MIB files.  This operates in the same way as the -M option - see snmpcmd(1) for
              details.  Note that this value can be overridden by the MIBDIRS environment variable, and the -M option.

       mibs MIBLIST
              specifies a list of MIB modules (not files) that should be loaded.  This operates in the same way as the -m option -  see  snm-
              pcmd(1) for details.  Note that this list can be overridden by the MIBS environment variable, and the -m option.

       mibfile FILE
              specifies  a  (single)  MIB file to load, in addition to the list read from the mibs token (or equivalent configuration).  Note
              that this value can be overridden by the MIBFILES environment variable.

       showMibErrors (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              whether to display MIB parsing errors.

       commentToEOL (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              whether MIB parsing should be strict about comment termination.  Many MIB writers assume that ASN.1 comments extend to the  end
              of  the text line, rather than being terminated by the next "--" token.  This token can be used to accept such (strictly incor-
              rect) MIBs.
              Note that this directive was previous (mis-)named strictCommentTerm, but with the reverse behaviour from that  implied  by  the
              name.  This earlier token is still accepted for backwards compatibility.

       mibAllowUnderline (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              whether  to  allow  underline  characters  in  MIB  object names and enumeration values.  This token can be used to accept such
              (strictly incorrect) MIBs.

       mibWarningLevel INTEGER
              the minimum warning level of the warnings printed by the MIB parser.

OUTPUT CONFIGURATION
       logTimestamp (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              Whether the commands should log timestamps with their error/message logging or not.  Note that output will not look  as  pretty
              with  timestamps  if  the source code that is doing the logging does incremental logging of messages that are not line buffered
              before being passed to the logging routines.  This option is only used when file logging is active.

       printNumericEnums (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              Equivalent to -Oe.

       printNumericOids (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              Equivalent to -On.

       dontBreakdownOids (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              Equivalent to -Ob.

       escapeQuotes (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              Equivalent to -OE.

       quickPrinting (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              Equivalent to -Oq.

       printValueOnly (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              Equivalent to -Ov.

       dontPrintUnits (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              Equivalent to -OU.

       numericTimeticks (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              Equivalent to -Ot.

       printHexText (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              Equivalent to -OT.

       hexOutputLength integer
              Specifies where to break up the output of hexadecimal strings.  Set to 0 to disable line breaks.  Defaults to 16.

       suffixPrinting (0|1|2)
              The value 1 is equivalent to -Os and the value 2 is equivalent to -OS.

       oidOutputFormat (1|2|3|4|5|6)
              Maps -O options as follow: -Os=1, -OS=2, -Of=3, -On=4, -Ou=5.  The value 6 has no matching -O option. It suppresses output.

       extendedIndex (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              Equivalent to -OX.

       noDisplayHint (1|yes|true|0|no|false)
              Disables the use of DISPLAY-HINT information when parsing indices and values to set. Equivalent to -Ih.

FILES
       /etc/snmp/snmp.conf, /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf - common configuration settings
       ~/.snmp/snmp.conf - user-specific configuration settings

SEE ALSO
       snmp_config(5), read_config(3), snmpcmd(1).

4th Berkeley Distribution         29 Jun 2005                     SNMP.CONF(5)

Nach dem Starten unseres snmp Daemon können wir mit Hilfe von netstat überprüfen, ob der Daemon auf den gewünschten Ports lauscht.

 # netstat -tulpen | grep 161

 udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:161                 0.0.0.0:*                               0          835518     1142/snmpd

Steht unser server hinter einer Firewall, so müssen wir unter Umständen eine geeignete Firewallregel in der zentralen Konfigurationsdatei von iptables nachtragen, damit der Zugriff auf den Port 161 (UDP) auch erfolgen kann. Wir tragen in der Konfigurationsdatei /etc/sysconfig/iptables hierzu die folgenden Zeilen am Ende der INPUT-Regeln nach.

 # vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables

 ...

# Django 2012-07-17 SNMP freigeschaltet für CACTI-Überwachung
-A INPUT -i eth0 -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 161 -j ACCEPT
# Django : end

...

Anschließend aktivieren wir die Änderungen an unserem Paketfilter, indem wir den Daemon durchstarten.

 # service iptables restart

iptables: Flushing firewall rules:                         [  OK  ]
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter nat      [  OK  ]
iptables: Unloading modules:                               [  OK  ]
iptables: Applying firewall rules:                         [  OK  ]

Der erste Start unseres Daemons erfolgt dem gewohnten Syntaxschema:

 # service snmpd start
 snmpd starten:                                             [  OK  ]

Im syslog wird der erfolgreiche Start entsprechend quittiert:

 Jan 10 14:12:38 nss snmpd[27826]: Creating directory: /var/net-snmp 
 Jan 10 14:12:38 nss snmpd[27826]: NET-SNMP version 5.3.1

Damit der snmp-Daemon snmpd automatisch bei jedem Systemstart startet, kann die Einrichtung eines Start-Scriptes über folgenden Befehl erreicht werden:

  # chkconfig snmpd on

Ein Überprüfung ob der Dienst (Daemon) sshd wirklich bei jedem Systemstart automatisch mit gestartet wird, kann durch folgenden Befehl erreicht werden:

 # chkconfig --list | grep snmpd
 snmpd           0:Aus   1:Aus   2:Ein   3:Ein   4:Ein   5:Ein   6:Aus

Bei unserer ersten Konfiguration haben wir angegeben, dass sowohl für localhost als auch mynetwork unterschiedliche Passworte zur Anwendung kommen sollen. Dies wollen wir nun im ersten Test ausprobieren. Zum testen verwenden wir das Programm snmpwalk aus dem RPM-Paket net-snmp-utils.

Eine geneu Beschreibung der Optionen entnehmen wir bei Bedarf der Manpage von snmpwalk.

 # man snmpwalk

SNMPWALK(1)                        Net-SNMP                        SNMPWALK(1)

NAME
       snmpwalk - retrieve a subtree of management values using SNMP GETNEXT requests

SYNOPSIS
       snmpwalk [APPLICATION OPTIONS] [COMMON OPTIONS] [OID]

DESCRIPTION
       snmpwalk is an SNMP application that uses SNMP GETNEXT requests to query a network entity for a tree of information.

       An  object identifier (OID) may be given on the command line.  This OID specifies which portion of the object identifier space will be
       searched using GETNEXT requests.  All variables in the subtree below the given OID are queried and their values presented to the user.
       Each variable name is given in the format specified in variables(5).

       If  no  OID  argument  is  present, snmpwalk will search the subtree rooted at SNMPv2-SMI::mib-2 (including any MIB object values from
       other MIB modules, that are defined as lying within this subtree).  If the network entity has an error processing the request  packet,
       an error packet will be returned and a message will be shown, helping to pinpoint why the request was malformed.

       If the tree search causes attempts to search beyond the end of the MIB, the message "End of MIB" will be displayed.

OPTIONS
       -Cc     Do  not  check whether the returned OIDs are increasing.  Some agents (LaserJets are an example) return OIDs out of order, but
               can complete the walk anyway.  Other agents return OIDs that are out of order and can cause snmpwalk to loop indefinitely.  By
               default,  snmpwalk  tries  to  detect this behavior and warns you when it hits an agent acting illegally.  Use -Cc to turn off
               this check.

       -CE {OID}
               End the walk at the specified OID, rather than a simple subtree.  This can be used to walk a partial subtree, selected columns
               of a table, or even two or more tables within a single command.

       -Ci     Include  the  given  OID in the search range.  Normally snmpwalk uses GETNEXT requests starting with the OID you specified and
               returns all results in the MIB subtree rooted at that OID.  Sometimes, you may wish to include the OID specified on  the  com-
               mand line in the printed results if it is a valid OID in the tree itself.  This option lets you do this explicitly.

       -CI     In fact, the given OID will be retrieved automatically if the main subtree walk returns no useable values.  This allows a walk
               of a single instance to behave as generally expected, and return the specified instance value.  This  option  turns  off  this
               final GET request, so a walk of a single instance will return nothing.

       -Cp     Upon completion of the walk, print the number of variables found.

       -Ct     Upon completion of the walk, print the total wall-clock time it took to collect the data (in seconds).  Note that the timer is
               started just before the beginning of the data request series and stopped just after it finishes.  Most importantly, this means
               that it does not include snmp library initialization, shutdown, argument processing, and any other overhead.

       In addition to these options, snmpwalk takes the common options described in the snmpcmd(1) manual page.

EXAMPLES
       The command:

       snmpwalk -Os -c public -v 1 zeus system

       will retrieve all of the variables under system:

       sysDescr.0 = STRING: "SunOS zeus.net.cmu.edu 4.1.3_U1 1 sun4m"
       sysObjectID.0 = OID: enterprises.hp.nm.hpsystem.10.1.1
       sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (155274552) 17 days, 23:19:05
       sysContact.0 = STRING: ""
       sysName.0 = STRING: "zeus.net.cmu.edu"
       sysLocation.0 = STRING: ""
       sysServices.0 = INTEGER: 72
       (plus the contents of the sysORTable).

       The command:

       snmpwalk -Os -c public -v 1 -CE sysORTable zeus system

       will retrieve the scalar values, but omit the sysORTable.

SEE ALSO
       snmpcmd(1), snmpbulkwalk(1), variables(5).

4th Berkeley Distribution         08 Feb 2002                      SNMPWALK(1)

Mit folgendem Aufruf kann der vollständige SNMP-Baum von localhost aus abgefragt werden.

 # snmpwalk -v 2c -c private -O e 127.0.0.1

SNMPv2-MIB::sysDescr.0 = STRING: Linux vml000010.dmz.nausch.org 2.6.32-279.2.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Jul 20 01:55:29 UTC 2012 x86_64
SNMPv2-MIB::sysObjectID.0 = OID: NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpAgentOIDs.10
DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (204321) 0:34:03.21
SNMPv2-MIB::sysContact.0 = STRING: django@nausch.org
SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: vml000010.dmz.nausch.org
SNMPv2-MIB::sysLocation.0 = STRING: "vml000010, vHost auf pml010002, EDV-Schrank im UG - HE16, nausch.org"
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORLastChange.0 = Timeticks: (10) 0:00:00.10
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.1 = OID: SNMP-MPD-MIB::snmpMPDMIBObjects.3.1.1
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.2 = OID: SNMP-USER-BASED-SM-MIB::usmMIBCompliance
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.3 = OID: SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB::snmpFrameworkMIBCompliance
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.4 = OID: SNMPv2-MIB::snmpMIB
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.5 = OID: TCP-MIB::tcpMIB
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.6 = OID: IP-MIB::ip
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.7 = OID: UDP-MIB::udpMIB
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.8 = OID: SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB::vacmBasicGroup
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.1 = STRING: The MIB for Message Processing and Dispatching.
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.2 = STRING: The MIB for Message Processing and Dispatching.
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.3 = STRING: The SNMP Management Architecture MIB.
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.4 = STRING: The MIB module for SNMPv2 entities
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.5 = STRING: The MIB module for managing TCP implementations
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.6 = STRING: The MIB module for managing IP and ICMP implementations
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.7 = STRING: The MIB module for managing UDP implementations
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORDescr.8 = STRING: View-based Access Control Model for SNMP.
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.1 = Timeticks: (10) 0:00:00.10
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.2 = Timeticks: (10) 0:00:00.10
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.3 = Timeticks: (10) 0:00:00.10
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.4 = Timeticks: (10) 0:00:00.10
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.5 = Timeticks: (10) 0:00:00.10
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.6 = Timeticks: (10) 0:00:00.10
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.7 = Timeticks: (10) 0:00:00.10
SNMPv2-MIB::sysORUpTime.8 = Timeticks: (10) 0:00:00.10
IF-MIB::ifNumber.0 = INTEGER: 3
IF-MIB::ifIndex.1 = INTEGER: 1
IF-MIB::ifIndex.2 = INTEGER: 2
IF-MIB::ifIndex.3 = INTEGER: 3
IF-MIB::ifDescr.1 = STRING: lo
IF-MIB::ifDescr.2 = STRING: eth0
IF-MIB::ifDescr.3 = STRING: eth1
IF-MIB::ifType.1 = INTEGER: 24
IF-MIB::ifType.2 = INTEGER: 6
IF-MIB::ifType.3 = INTEGER: 6
IF-MIB::ifMtu.1 = INTEGER: 16436
IF-MIB::ifMtu.2 = INTEGER: 1500
IF-MIB::ifMtu.3 = INTEGER: 1500
IF-MIB::ifSpeed.1 = Gauge32: 10000000
IF-MIB::ifSpeed.2 = Gauge32: 0
IF-MIB::ifSpeed.3 = Gauge32: 0
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.1 = STRING: 
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.2 = STRING: 52:54:0:10:6f:ca
IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress.3 = STRING: 52:54:0:c0:15:c4
IF-MIB::ifAdminStatus.1 = INTEGER: 1
IF-MIB::ifAdminStatus.2 = INTEGER: 1
IF-MIB::ifAdminStatus.3 = INTEGER: 1
IF-MIB::ifOperStatus.1 = INTEGER: 1
IF-MIB::ifOperStatus.2 = INTEGER: 1
IF-MIB::ifOperStatus.3 = INTEGER: 1
IF-MIB::ifLastChange.1 = Timeticks: (0) 0:00:00.00
IF-MIB::ifLastChange.2 = Timeticks: (0) 0:00:00.00
IF-MIB::ifLastChange.3 = Timeticks: (0) 0:00:00.00
IF-MIB::ifInOctets.1 = Counter32: 38448100
IF-MIB::ifInOctets.2 = Counter32: 3914594718
IF-MIB::ifInOctets.3 = Counter32: 2711483767
IF-MIB::ifInUcastPkts.1 = Counter32: 30606
IF-MIB::ifInUcastPkts.2 = Counter32: 23634761
IF-MIB::ifInUcastPkts.3 = Counter32: 27276692
IF-MIB::ifInNUcastPkts.1 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifInNUcastPkts.2 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifInNUcastPkts.3 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifInDiscards.1 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifInDiscards.2 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifInDiscards.3 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifInErrors.1 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifInErrors.2 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifInErrors.3 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifInUnknownProtos.1 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifInUnknownProtos.2 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifInUnknownProtos.3 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.1 = Counter32: 38448100
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.2 = Counter32: 2697677135
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.3 = Counter32: 3862746860
IF-MIB::ifOutUcastPkts.1 = Counter32: 30606
IF-MIB::ifOutUcastPkts.2 = Counter32: 27225076
IF-MIB::ifOutUcastPkts.3 = Counter32: 23539825
IF-MIB::ifOutNUcastPkts.1 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutNUcastPkts.2 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutNUcastPkts.3 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutDiscards.1 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutDiscards.2 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutDiscards.3 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutErrors.1 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutErrors.2 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutErrors.3 = Counter32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutQLen.1 = Gauge32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutQLen.2 = Gauge32: 0
IF-MIB::ifOutQLen.3 = Gauge32: 0
IF-MIB::ifSpecific.1 = OID: SNMPv2-SMI::zeroDotZero
IF-MIB::ifSpecific.2 = OID: SNMPv2-SMI::zeroDotZero
IF-MIB::ifSpecific.3 = OID: SNMPv2-SMI::zeroDotZero
RFC1213-MIB::atIfIndex.2.1.10.0.0.20 = INTEGER: 2
RFC1213-MIB::atIfIndex.2.1.10.0.0.30 = INTEGER: 2
RFC1213-MIB::atIfIndex.3.1.192.168.10.1 = INTEGER: 3
RFC1213-MIB::atIfIndex.3.1.192.168.10.7 = INTEGER: 3
RFC1213-MIB::atIfIndex.3.1.192.168.10.10 = INTEGER: 3
RFC1213-MIB::atPhysAddress.2.1.10.0.0.20 = Hex-STRING: 52 54 00 10 69 11 
RFC1213-MIB::atPhysAddress.2.1.10.0.0.30 = Hex-STRING: 52 54 00 10 25 E9 
RFC1213-MIB::atPhysAddress.3.1.192.168.10.1 = Hex-STRING: 00 1F D0 8C 72 77 
RFC1213-MIB::atPhysAddress.3.1.192.168.10.7 = Hex-STRING: 00 17 A4 7D 26 1A 
RFC1213-MIB::atPhysAddress.3.1.192.168.10.10 = Hex-STRING: 00 25 90 0E E7 FA 
RFC1213-MIB::atNetAddress.2.1.10.0.0.20 = Network Address: 0A:00:00:14
RFC1213-MIB::atNetAddress.2.1.10.0.0.30 = Network Address: 0A:00:00:1E
RFC1213-MIB::atNetAddress.3.1.192.168.10.1 = Network Address: C0:A8:0A:01
RFC1213-MIB::atNetAddress.3.1.192.168.10.7 = Network Address: C0:A8:0A:07
RFC1213-MIB::atNetAddress.3.1.192.168.10.10 = Network Address: C0:A8:0A:0A
IP-MIB::ipForwarding.0 = INTEGER: 1
IP-MIB::ipDefaultTTL.0 = INTEGER: 64
IP-MIB::ipInReceives.0 = Counter32: 50841629
IP-MIB::ipInHdrErrors.0 = Counter32: 0
IP-MIB::ipInAddrErrors.0 = Counter32: 0
IP-MIB::ipForwDatagrams.0 = Counter32: 50545577
IP-MIB::ipInUnknownProtos.0 = Counter32: 0
IP-MIB::ipInDiscards.0 = Counter32: 0
IP-MIB::ipInDelivers.0 = Counter32: 201940
IP-MIB::ipOutRequests.0 = Counter32: 50734923
IP-MIB::ipOutDiscards.0 = Counter32: 1258
IP-MIB::ipOutNoRoutes.0 = Counter32: 0
IP-MIB::ipReasmTimeout.0 = INTEGER: 30 seconds
IP-MIB::ipReasmReqds.0 = Counter32: 1951
IP-MIB::ipReasmOKs.0 = Counter32: 617
IP-MIB::ipReasmFails.0 = Counter32: 0
IP-MIB::ipFragOKs.0 = Counter32: 617
IP-MIB::ipFragFails.0 = Counter32: 0
IP-MIB::ipFragCreates.0 = Counter32: 1951
IP-MIB::ipAdEntAddr.10.0.0.10 = IpAddress: 10.0.0.10
IP-MIB::ipAdEntAddr.127.0.0.1 = IpAddress: 127.0.0.1
IP-MIB::ipAdEntAddr.192.168.10.4 = IpAddress: 192.168.10.4
IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.10.0.0.10 = INTEGER: 2
IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.127.0.0.1 = INTEGER: 1
IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.192.168.10.4 = INTEGER: 3
IP-MIB::ipAdEntNetMask.10.0.0.10 = IpAddress: 255.255.255.0
IP-MIB::ipAdEntNetMask.127.0.0.1 = IpAddress: 255.0.0.0
IP-MIB::ipAdEntNetMask.192.168.10.4 = IpAddress: 255.255.255.0
IP-MIB::ipAdEntBcastAddr.10.0.0.10 = INTEGER: 1
IP-MIB::ipAdEntBcastAddr.127.0.0.1 = INTEGER: 0
IP-MIB::ipAdEntBcastAddr.192.168.10.4 = INTEGER: 1
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteDest.0.0.0.0 = IpAddress: 0.0.0.0
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteDest.10.0.0.0 = IpAddress: 10.0.0.0
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteDest.169.254.0.0 = IpAddress: 169.254.0.0
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteDest.192.168.10.0 = IpAddress: 192.168.10.0
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteIfIndex.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 3
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteIfIndex.10.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 2
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteIfIndex.169.254.0.0 = INTEGER: 2
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteIfIndex.192.168.10.0 = INTEGER: 3
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteMetric1.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 1
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteMetric1.10.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 0
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteMetric1.169.254.0.0 = INTEGER: 0
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteMetric1.192.168.10.0 = INTEGER: 0
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteNextHop.0.0.0.0 = IpAddress: 192.168.10.1
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteNextHop.10.0.0.0 = IpAddress: 0.0.0.0
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteNextHop.169.254.0.0 = IpAddress: 0.0.0.0
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteNextHop.192.168.10.0 = IpAddress: 0.0.0.0
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteType.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 4
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteType.10.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 3
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteType.169.254.0.0 = INTEGER: 3
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteType.192.168.10.0 = INTEGER: 3
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteProto.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 2
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteProto.10.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 2
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteProto.169.254.0.0 = INTEGER: 2
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteProto.192.168.10.0 = INTEGER: 2
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteMask.0.0.0.0 = IpAddress: 0.0.0.0
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteMask.10.0.0.0 = IpAddress: 255.255.255.0
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteMask.169.254.0.0 = IpAddress: 255.255.0.0
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteMask.192.168.10.0 = IpAddress: 255.255.255.0
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteInfo.0.0.0.0 = OID: SNMPv2-SMI::zeroDotZero
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteInfo.10.0.0.0 = OID: SNMPv2-SMI::zeroDotZero
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteInfo.169.254.0.0 = OID: SNMPv2-SMI::zeroDotZero
RFC1213-MIB::ipRouteInfo.192.168.10.0 = OID: SNMPv2-SMI::zeroDotZero
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaIfIndex.2.10.0.0.20 = INTEGER: 2
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaIfIndex.2.10.0.0.30 = INTEGER: 2
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaIfIndex.3.192.168.10.1 = INTEGER: 3
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaIfIndex.3.192.168.10.7 = INTEGER: 3
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaIfIndex.3.192.168.10.10 = INTEGER: 3
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaPhysAddress.2.10.0.0.20 = STRING: 52:54:0:10:69:11
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaPhysAddress.2.10.0.0.30 = STRING: 52:54:0:10:25:e9
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaPhysAddress.3.192.168.10.1 = STRING: 0:1f:d0:8c:72:77
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaPhysAddress.3.192.168.10.7 = STRING: 0:17:a4:7d:26:1a
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaPhysAddress.3.192.168.10.10 = STRING: 0:25:90:e:e7:fa
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaNetAddress.2.10.0.0.20 = IpAddress: 10.0.0.20
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaNetAddress.2.10.0.0.30 = IpAddress: 10.0.0.30
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaNetAddress.3.192.168.10.1 = IpAddress: 192.168.10.1
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaNetAddress.3.192.168.10.7 = IpAddress: 192.168.10.7
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaNetAddress.3.192.168.10.10 = IpAddress: 192.168.10.10
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaType.2.10.0.0.20 = INTEGER: 3
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaType.2.10.0.0.30 = INTEGER: 3
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaType.3.192.168.10.1 = INTEGER: 3
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaType.3.192.168.10.7 = INTEGER: 3
IP-MIB::ipNetToMediaType.3.192.168.10.10 = INTEGER: 3
IP-MIB::ipRoutingDiscards.0 = Counter32: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteDest.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.192.168.10.1 = IpAddress: 0.0.0.0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteDest.10.0.0.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = IpAddress: 10.0.0.0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteDest.169.254.0.0.0.0.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = IpAddress: 169.254.0.0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteDest.192.168.10.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = IpAddress: 192.168.10.0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMask.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.192.168.10.1 = IpAddress: 0.0.0.0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMask.10.0.0.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = IpAddress: 0.255.255.255
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMask.169.254.0.0.0.0.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = IpAddress: 0.0.255.255
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMask.192.168.10.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = IpAddress: 0.255.255.255
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteTos.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.192.168.10.1 = INTEGER: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteTos.10.0.0.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteTos.169.254.0.0.0.0.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteTos.192.168.10.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteNextHop.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.192.168.10.1 = IpAddress: 192.168.10.1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteNextHop.10.0.0.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = IpAddress: 0.0.0.0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteNextHop.169.254.0.0.0.0.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = IpAddress: 0.0.0.0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteNextHop.192.168.10.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = IpAddress: 0.0.0.0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteIfIndex.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.192.168.10.1 = INTEGER: 3
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteIfIndex.10.0.0.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 2
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteIfIndex.169.254.0.0.0.0.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 2
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteIfIndex.192.168.10.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 3
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteType.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.192.168.10.1 = INTEGER: 4
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteType.10.0.0.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 3
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteType.169.254.0.0.0.0.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 3
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteType.192.168.10.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 3
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteProto.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.192.168.10.1 = INTEGER: 2
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteProto.10.0.0.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 2
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteProto.169.254.0.0.0.0.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 2
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteProto.192.168.10.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 2
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteInfo.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.192.168.10.1 = OID: SNMPv2-SMI::zeroDotZero
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteInfo.10.0.0.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = OID: SNMPv2-SMI::zeroDotZero
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteInfo.169.254.0.0.0.0.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = OID: SNMPv2-SMI::zeroDotZero
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteInfo.192.168.10.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = OID: SNMPv2-SMI::zeroDotZero
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteNextHopAS.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.192.168.10.1 = INTEGER: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteNextHopAS.10.0.0.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteNextHopAS.169.254.0.0.0.0.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteNextHopAS.192.168.10.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.192.168.10.1 = INTEGER: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric1.10.0.0.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric1.169.254.0.0.0.0.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 1002
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric1.192.168.10.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric2.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.192.168.10.1 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric2.10.0.0.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric2.169.254.0.0.0.0.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric2.192.168.10.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric3.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.192.168.10.1 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric3.10.0.0.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric3.169.254.0.0.0.0.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric3.192.168.10.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric4.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.192.168.10.1 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric4.10.0.0.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric4.169.254.0.0.0.0.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric4.192.168.10.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric5.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.192.168.10.1 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric5.10.0.0.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric5.169.254.0.0.0.0.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteMetric5.192.168.10.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteStatus.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.192.168.10.1 = INTEGER: 1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteStatus.10.0.0.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteStatus.169.254.0.0.0.0.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::ipCidrRouteStatus.192.168.10.0.0.255.255.255.0.0.0.0.0 = INTEGER: 1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteNumber.0 = Gauge32: 5
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteIfIndex.ipv4."0.0.0.0".0.2.0.0.ipv4."192.168.10.1" = INTEGER: 3
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteIfIndex.ipv4."10.0.0.0".24.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 2
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteIfIndex.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 2
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteIfIndex.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 3
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteIfIndex.ipv4."192.168.10.0".24.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 3
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteType.ipv4."0.0.0.0".0.2.0.0.ipv4."192.168.10.1" = INTEGER: 4
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteType.ipv4."10.0.0.0".24.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 3
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteType.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 3
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteType.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 3
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteType.ipv4."192.168.10.0".24.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 3
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteProto.ipv4."0.0.0.0".0.2.0.0.ipv4."192.168.10.1" = INTEGER: 2
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteProto.ipv4."10.0.0.0".24.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 2
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteProto.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 2
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteProto.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 2
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteProto.ipv4."192.168.10.0".24.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 2
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteAge.ipv4."0.0.0.0".0.2.0.0.ipv4."192.168.10.1" = Gauge32: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteAge.ipv4."10.0.0.0".24.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = Gauge32: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteAge.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = Gauge32: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteAge.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = Gauge32: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteAge.ipv4."192.168.10.0".24.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = Gauge32: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteNextHopAS.ipv4."0.0.0.0".0.2.0.0.ipv4."192.168.10.1" = Gauge32: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteNextHopAS.ipv4."10.0.0.0".24.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = Gauge32: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteNextHopAS.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = Gauge32: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteNextHopAS.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = Gauge32: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteNextHopAS.ipv4."192.168.10.0".24.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = Gauge32: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric1.ipv4."0.0.0.0".0.2.0.0.ipv4."192.168.10.1" = INTEGER: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric1.ipv4."10.0.0.0".24.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric1.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 1002
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric1.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 1003
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric1.ipv4."192.168.10.0".24.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: 0
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric2.ipv4."0.0.0.0".0.2.0.0.ipv4."192.168.10.1" = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric2.ipv4."10.0.0.0".24.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric2.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric2.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric2.ipv4."192.168.10.0".24.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric3.ipv4."0.0.0.0".0.2.0.0.ipv4."192.168.10.1" = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric3.ipv4."10.0.0.0".24.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric3.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric3.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric3.ipv4."192.168.10.0".24.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric4.ipv4."0.0.0.0".0.2.0.0.ipv4."192.168.10.1" = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric4.ipv4."10.0.0.0".24.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric4.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.2.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric4.ipv4."169.254.0.0".16.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: -1
IP-FORWARD-MIB::inetCidrRouteMetric4.ipv4."192.168.10.0".24.1.3.ipv4."0.0.0.0" = INTEGER: -1

Möchten wir lediglich nur den Systemnamen (sysName.0) abfragen, so geben wir einfach die Option sysName.0 bei der Abfrage mit an.

 # snmpwalk -v 2c -c private -O e 127.0.0.1 sysName.0

 SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: vml000010.dmz.nausch.org

Möchten wir lediglich nur die freigegebenen Laufwerke abfragen (dskPath) abfragen, so geben wir einfach die Option .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9.1.2 bei der Abfrage mit an.

 # snmpwalk -v 2c -c private -O e localhost .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9.1.2

 UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskPath.1 = STRING: /
 UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskPath.2 = STRING: /boot
 UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskPath.3 = STRING: /var/log

Abfrage mit richtigem Passwort

Bei der Konfiguration unseres SNMP-Daemon hatten wir angegeben, dass für Anfragen aus dem eigenen Netzwerk ein gesondertes Passwort zu verwenden ist.

 # snmpwalk -v 2c -c public -O e 10.0.0.10 sysName.0

 SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: vml000010.dmz.nausch.org

Abfrage mit falschem Passwort

Versuchen wir hingegen mit dem Passwort, welches wir für localhost definiert haben, die Anfrage von einem Host aus dem eigenen Netzwerk, so klappt dies erwartungsgemäß nicht.

 # snmpwalk -v 2c -c private -O e 10.0.0.10 sysName.0

 Timeout: No Response from 10.0.0.10

Da die beiden SNMP-Versionen 1 und 2c fast keine Sicherheitsmechanismen bieten, wollen wir in unserem Netzwerk nunmehr ausschließlich in der aktuellen Version 3, in der die Sicherheitsmechanismen deutlich ausgebaut wurden einsetzen.

Hierzu bearbeiten wir nun die Konfigurationsdatei unseres SNMP-Daemon wie folgt.

 # vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

###############################################################################
#
# snmpd.conf:
#   An example configuration file for configuring the ucd-snmp snmpd agent.
#
###############################################################################
#
# This file is intended to only be as a starting point.  Many more
# configuration directives exist than are mentioned in this file.  For 
# full details, see the snmpd.conf(5) manual page.
#
# All lines beginning with a '#' are comments and are intended for you
# to read.  All other lines are configuration commands for the agent.

###############################################################################
# Access Control
###############################################################################

# As shipped, the snmpd demon will only respond to queries on the
# system mib group until this file is replaced or modified for
# security purposes.  Examples are shown below about how to increase the
# level of access.

# By far, the most common question I get about the agent is "why won't
# it work?", when really it should be "how do I configure the agent to
# allow me to access it?"
#
# By default, the agent responds to the "public" community for read
# only access, if run out of the box without any configuration file in 
# place.  The following examples show you other ways of configuring
# the agent so that you can change the community names, and give
# yourself write access to the mib tree as well.
#
# For more information, read the FAQ as well as the snmpd.conf(5)
# manual page.

####
# First, map the community name "public" into a "security name"

#       sec.name  source          community
# Django : 2012-07-17
# default: com2sec notConfigUser  default       public
#com2sec local           localhost       private
#com2sec mynetwork       10.0.0.0/24    public


# Django : 2012-07-31
# default: unset
createUser django MD5 Der_Admin_mit_den_dicksten_Eiern! DES

####
# Second, map the security name into a group name:

#       groupName      securityModel securityName
# Django : 2012-07-17
# default: group   notConfigGroup v1           notConfigUser
#          group   notConfigGroup v2c           notConfigUser
#group   MyROGroup       v1      local
#group   MyROGroup       v2c     local
#group   MyROGroup       v1      mynetwork
#group   MyROGroup       v2c     mynetwork
group   MyV3Group       usm     django


####
# Third, create a view for us to let the group have rights to:

# Make at least  snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public system fast again.
#       name           incl/excl     subtree         mask(optional)
# Django : 2012-07-17
# default: view    systemview    included   .1.3.6.1.2.1.1
#          view    systemview    included   .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1
view    all     included        .iso      80

####
# Finally, grant the group read-only access to the systemview view.

#       group          context sec.model sec.level prefix read   write  notif
# Django : 2012-07-17
# default: access  notConfigGroup ""      any       noauth    exact  systemview none none
#access  MyROGroup       ""      any     noauth  exact   all     none    none
#access  MyRWGroup       ""      any     noauth  exact   all     all     none
# Django : 2012-07-31
access  MyV3Group       ""      any     auth    exact   all     all     all

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Here is a commented out example configuration that allows less
# restrictive access.

# YOU SHOULD CHANGE THE "COMMUNITY" TOKEN BELOW TO A NEW KEYWORD ONLY
# KNOWN AT YOUR SITE.  YOU *MUST* CHANGE THE NETWORK TOKEN BELOW TO
# SOMETHING REFLECTING YOUR LOCAL NETWORK ADDRESS SPACE.

##       sec.name  source          community
#com2sec local     localhost       COMMUNITY
#com2sec mynetwork NETWORK/24      COMMUNITY

##     group.name sec.model  sec.name
#group MyRWGroup  any        local
#group MyROGroup  any        mynetwork
#
#group MyRWGroup  any        otherv3user
#...

##           incl/excl subtree                          mask
#view all    included  .1                               80

## -or just the mib2 tree-

#view mib2   included  .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc


##                context sec.model sec.level prefix read   write  notif
#access MyROGroup ""      any       noauth    0      all    none   none
#access MyRWGroup ""      any       noauth    0      all    all    all


###############################################################################
# Sample configuration to make net-snmpd RFC 1213.
# Unfortunately v1 and v2c don't allow any user based authentification, so
# opening up the default config is not an option from a security point.
#
# WARNING: If you uncomment the following lines you allow write access to your
# snmpd daemon from any source! To avoid this use different names for your
# community or split out the write access to a different community and 
# restrict it to your local network.
# Also remember to comment the syslocation and syscontact parameters later as
# otherwise they are still read only (see FAQ for net-snmp).
#

# First, map the community name "public" into a "security name"
#       sec.name        source          community
#com2sec notConfigUser   default         public

# Second, map the security name into a group name:
#       groupName       securityModel   securityName
#group   notConfigGroup  v1              notConfigUser
#group   notConfigGroup  v2c             notConfigUser

# Third, create a view for us to let the group have rights to:
# Open up the whole tree for ro, make the RFC 1213 required ones rw.
#       name            incl/excl       subtree mask(optional)
#view    roview          included        .1
#view    rwview          included        system.sysContact
#view    rwview          included        system.sysName
#view    rwview          included        system.sysLocation
#view    rwview          included        interfaces.ifTable.ifEntry.ifAdminStatus
#view    rwview          included        at.atTable.atEntry.atPhysAddress
#view    rwview          included        at.atTable.atEntry.atNetAddress
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipForwarding
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipDefaultTTL
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteDest
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteIfIndex
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMetric1
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMetric2
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMetric3
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMetric4
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteType
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteAge
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMask
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteMetric5
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipNetToMediaTable.ipNetToMediaEntry.ipNetToMediaIfIndex
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipNetToMediaTable.ipNetToMediaEntry.ipNetToMediaPhysAddress
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipNetToMediaTable.ipNetToMediaEntry.ipNetToMediaNetAddress
#view    rwview          included        ip.ipNetToMediaTable.ipNetToMediaEntry.ipNetToMediaType
#view    rwview          included        tcp.tcpConnTable.tcpConnEntry.tcpConnState
#view    rwview          included        egp.egpNeighTable.egpNeighEntry.egpNeighEventTrigger
#view    rwview          included        snmp.snmpEnableAuthenTraps

# Finally, grant the group read-only access to the systemview view.
#       group          context sec.model sec.level prefix read   write  notif
#access  notConfigGroup ""      any       noauth    exact  roview rwview none



###############################################################################
# System contact information
#

# It is also possible to set the sysContact and sysLocation system
# variables through the snmpd.conf file:

# Django : 2012-07-17
# default: syslocation Unknown (edit /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)
#          syscontact Root <root@localhost> (configure /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf)
syslocation "vml000010, vHost auf pml010002, EDV-Schrank im UG - HE16, nausch.org"
syscontact django@nausch.org

# Example output of snmpwalk:
#   % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public system
#   system.sysDescr.0 = "SunOS name sun4c"
#   system.sysObjectID.0 = OID: enterprises.ucdavis.ucdSnmpAgent.sunos4
#   system.sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (595637548) 68 days, 22:32:55
#   system.sysContact.0 = "Me <me@somewhere.org>"
#   system.sysName.0 = "name"
#   system.sysLocation.0 = "Right here, right now."
#   system.sysServices.0 = 72


###############################################################################
# Logging
#

# We do not want annoying "Connection from UDP: " messages in syslog.
# If the following option is commented out, snmpd will print each incoming
# connection, which can be useful for debugging.

dontLogTCPWrappersConnects yes

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------


###############################################################################
# Process checks.
#
#  The following are examples of how to use the agent to check for
#  processes running on the host.  The syntax looks something like:
#
#  proc NAME [MAX=0] [MIN=0]
#
#  NAME:  the name of the process to check for.  It must match
#         exactly (ie, http will not find httpd processes).
#  MAX:   the maximum number allowed to be running.  Defaults to 0.
#  MIN:   the minimum number to be running.  Defaults to 0.

#
#  Examples (commented out by default):
#

#  Make sure mountd is running
#proc mountd

#  Make sure there are no more than 4 ntalkds running, but 0 is ok too.
#proc ntalkd 4

#  Make sure at least one sendmail, but less than or equal to 10 are running.
#proc sendmail 10 1

#  A snmpwalk of the process mib tree would look something like this:
# 
# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.2
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prIndex.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prIndex.2 = 2
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prIndex.3 = 3
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prNames.1 = "mountd"
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prNames.2 = "ntalkd"
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prNames.3 = "sendmail"
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMin.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMin.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMin.3 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMax.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMax.2 = 4
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMax.3 = 10
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prCount.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prCount.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prCount.3 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrorFlag.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrorFlag.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrorFlag.3 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrMessage.1 = "No mountd process running."
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrMessage.2 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrMessage.3 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrFix.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrFix.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrFix.3 = 0
#
#  Note that the errorFlag for mountd is set to 1 because one is not
#  running (in this case an rpc.mountd is, but thats not good enough),
#  and the ErrMessage tells you what's wrong.  The configuration
#  imposed in the snmpd.conf file is also shown.  
# 
#  Special Case:  When the min and max numbers are both 0, it assumes
#  you want a max of infinity and a min of 1.
#


# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------


###############################################################################
# Executables/scripts
#

#
#  You can also have programs run by the agent that return a single
#  line of output and an exit code.  Here are two examples.
#
#  exec NAME PROGRAM [ARGS ...]
#
#  NAME:     A generic name. The name must be unique for each exec statement.
#  PROGRAM:  The program to run.  Include the path!
#  ARGS:     optional arguments to be passed to the program

# a simple hello world

#exec echotest /bin/echo hello world

# Run a shell script containing:
#
# #!/bin/sh
# echo hello world
# echo hi there
# exit 35
#
# Note:  this has been specifically commented out to prevent
# accidental security holes due to someone else on your system writing
# a /tmp/shtest before you do.  Uncomment to use it.
#
#exec shelltest /bin/sh /tmp/shtest

# Then, 
# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.8
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extIndex.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extIndex.2 = 2
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extNames.1 = "echotest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extNames.2 = "shelltest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extCommand.1 = "/bin/echo hello world"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extCommand.2 = "/bin/sh /tmp/shtest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extResult.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extResult.2 = 35
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extOutput.1 = "hello world."
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extOutput.2 = "hello world."
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extErrFix.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extErrFix.2 = 0

# Note that the second line of the /tmp/shtest shell script is cut
# off.  Also note that the exit status of 35 was returned.

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------


###############################################################################
# disk checks
#

# The agent can check the amount of available disk space, and make
# sure it is above a set limit.  

# disk PATH [MIN=100000]
#
# PATH:  mount path to the disk in question.
# MIN:   Disks with space below this value will have the Mib's errorFlag set.
#        Default value = 100000.

# Check the / partition and make sure it contains at least 10 megs.

#disk / 10000


# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskIndex.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskPath.1 = "/" Hex: 2F 
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskDevice.1 = "/dev/dsk/c201d6s0"
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskMinimum.1 = 10000
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskTotal.1 = 837130
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskAvail.1 = 316325
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskUsed.1 = 437092
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskPercent.1 = 58
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskErrorFlag.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskErrorMsg.1 = ""

# Django : 2012-07-31
# folgende Partitionen definiert
disk /
disk /boot
disk /var/log

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------


###############################################################################
# load average checks
#

# load [1MAX=12.0] [5MAX=12.0] [15MAX=12.0]
#
# 1MAX:   If the 1 minute load average is above this limit at query
#         time, the errorFlag will be set.
# 5MAX:   Similar, but for 5 min average.
# 15MAX:  Similar, but for 15 min average.

# Check for loads:
load 12 14 14

# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.10
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveIndex.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveIndex.2 = 2
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveIndex.3 = 3
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveNames.1 = "Load-1"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveNames.2 = "Load-5"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveNames.3 = "Load-15"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveLoad.1 = "0.49" Hex: 30 2E 34 39 
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveLoad.2 = "0.31" Hex: 30 2E 33 31 
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveLoad.3 = "0.26" Hex: 30 2E 32 36 
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveConfig.1 = "12.00"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveConfig.2 = "14.00"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveConfig.3 = "14.00"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrorFlag.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrorFlag.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrorFlag.3 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrMessage.1 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrMessage.2 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrMessage.3 = ""

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------


###############################################################################
# Extensible sections.
# 

# This alleviates the multiple line output problem found in the
# previous executable mib by placing each mib in its own mib table:

# Run a shell script containing:
#
# #!/bin/sh
# echo hello world
# echo hi there
# exit 35
#
# Note:  this has been specifically commented out to prevent
# accidental security holes due to someone else on your system writing
# a /tmp/shtest before you do.  Uncomment to use it.
#
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.50 shelltest /bin/sh /tmp/shtest

# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.50
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.1.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.2.1 = "shelltest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.3.1 = "/bin/sh /tmp/shtest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.100.1 = 35
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.101.1 = "hello world."
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.101.2 = "hi there."
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.102.1 = 0

# Now the Output has grown to two lines, and we can see the 'hi
# there.' output as the second line from our shell script.
#
# Note that you must alter the mib.txt file to be correct if you want
# the .50.* outputs above to change to reasonable text descriptions.

# Other ideas:
# 
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.51 ps /bin/ps 
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.52 top /usr/local/bin/top
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.53 mailq /usr/bin/mailq

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------


###############################################################################
# Pass through control.
# 

# Usage:
#   pass MIBOID EXEC-COMMAND
#
# This will pass total control of the mib underneath the MIBOID
# portion of the mib to the EXEC-COMMAND.  
#
# Note:  You'll have to change the path of the passtest script to your
# source directory or install it in the given location.
# 
# Example:  (see the script for details)
#           (commented out here since it requires that you place the
#           script in the right location. (its not installed by default))

# pass .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255 /bin/sh /usr/local/local/passtest

# % snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.1 = "life the universe and everything"
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.2.1 = 42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.2.2 = OID: 42.42.42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.3 = Timeticks: (363136200) 42 days, 0:42:42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.4 = IpAddress: 127.0.0.1
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.5 = 42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.6 = Gauge: 42
#
# % snmpget -v 1 localhost public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255.5
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.5 = 42
#
# % snmpset -v 1 localhost public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255.1 s "New string"
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.1 = "New string"
#

# For specific usage information, see the man/snmpd.conf.5 manual page
# as well as the local/passtest script used in the above example.

###############################################################################
# Further Information
#
#  See the snmpd.conf manual page, and the output of "snmpd -H".

In der gewohnten Kurzform sehen wir nun folgende aktive Zeilen:

 # egrep -v '(^.*#|^$)' /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

createUser django MD5 Der_Admin_mit_den_dicksten_Eiern! DES
group   MyV3Group       usm     django
view    all     included        .iso      80
access  MyV3Group       ""      any     auth    exact   all     all     all
syslocation "vml000010, vHost auf pml010002, EDV-Schrank im UG - HE16, nausch.org"
syscontact django@nausch.org
dontLogTCPWrappersConnects yes
disk /
disk /boot
disk /var/log
load 12 14 14

Zum Aktivieren starten wir nun den Daemon einmal durch.

 # service snmpd restart

 Stopping snmpd:                                            [  OK  ]
 Starting snmpd:                                            [  OK  ]

Der Zugriff mit dem Passwort private von localhost aus, klappt nun nicht mehr.

 # snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c private .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9

 Timeout: No Response from localhost

Genauso wenig scheitert der Verbindungsaufbau von einem entfernten Host aus dem eigenen Netz mit dem Passwort public.

 # snmpwalk -v 1 10.0.0.10 -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9

 Timeout: No Response from 10.0.0.10

Geben wir aber nun bei der Abfrage den richtigen Usernamen django mit dem zugehörigen Passwort Der_Admin_mit_den_dicksten_Eiern! an, so klappt die Abfrage sowohl von localhost aus und auch von einem Host aus dem eignen Netzwerk.

Von localhost aus:

 # snmpwalk -v 3 -l AuthNoPriv -u django -A Der_Admin_mit_den_dicksten_Eiern! 127.0.0.1 sysDescr.0

SNMPv2-MIB::sysDescr.0 = STRING: Linux vml000010.dmz.nausch.org 2.6.32-279.2.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Jul 20 01:55:29 UTC 2012 x86_64

Von vml000030 aus:

 # snmpwalk -v 3 -l AuthNoPriv -u django -A Der_Admin_mit_den_dicksten_Eiern! 10.0.0.10 sysDescr.0

SNMPv2-MIB::sysDescr.0 = STRING: Linux vml000030.dmz.nausch.org 2.6.32-279.2.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Jul 20 01:55:29 UTC 2012 x86_64

Passen Usernamen und/oder Passwort nicht, wird natürlich eine Fehlermeldung ausgegeben.

 # snmpwalk -v 3 -l AuthNoPriv -u django -A Der_User_ohne_Rechte 10.0.0.10 sysDescr.0

 No log handling enabled - turning on stderr logging
 snmpwalk: Authentication failure (incorrect password, community or key) (Sub-id not found: (top) -> sysDescr)

Im Normalfall wird uns im syslog der SNMP-Zugriff dokumentiert. Mit unter können diese zu Teil doch sehr vielen Logeinträgen unerwünscht erscheinen.

 Dec 20 09:51:08 pml010010 snmpd[22654]: Connection from UDP: [10.20.10.40]:33410->[10.20.10.10]
 Dec 20 09:51:08 pml010010 snmpd[22654]: Connection from UDP: [10.20.10.40]:33410->[10.20.10.10]

Das Logging generell abzustellen, ist natürlich nur sehr bedingt empfehlenswert, vielmehr wollen wir doch lieber die unerwünschten SNMP-Logeinträge unterdrücken.

Folgende Loglevel sind unter CentOS 6.x wählbar:

Log-Level	Beschreibung
0	Notfall – System ist nicht benutzbar
1	Warnungen – sofortiges Handeln erforderlich
2	Kritische – kritische Zustände
3	Störungen – Fehlerhinweise
4	Warnungen – Warnmeldungen
5	Benachrichtigungen – Informationsmeldungen
6	Informationen – Hinweise
7	Debugging – Debugging-Meldungen

Als Standard ist unter CentOS 6.x der Lglevel 0 - 6 aktiviert. Die Zugriffe auf den Deamon werden im Loglevel 6 protokolliert.

Wir werden also nun nachfolgend den Loglevel 0 - 5 definieren. Hierzu passen wir die Konfigurationsdatei /etc/sysconfig/snmpd an.

  # vim /etc/sysconfig/snmpd

/etc/sysconfig/snmpd

# snmpd command line options
# Django : 2012-12-20 Loglevel 0-5 zum Unterdrücken der Zugriffe im syslog 
# default: OPTIONS="-LS0-6d -Lf /dev/null -p /var/run/snmpd.pid"
OPTIONS="-LS0-5d -Lf /dev/null -p /var/run/snmpd.pid"

Zum Aktivieren unserer Änderung starten wir den Daemon 1x durch.

 # service snmpd restart

¹⁾

Simple Network Management Protocol, aka Security is Not My Problem

SNMP (unter CentOS 6.x)

Installation

Paketdetails

net-snmp

net-snmp-utils

Konfiguration

erste einfache Konfiguration für SNMP Version V1/V2c

Manpage snmpd.conf

iptables-Paketfilterregeln

Serverstart

erster Test der Minimalkonfiguration

vollständige Abfrage des SNMP-Baums

Abfrage der Systemnamen

Abfrage der definierten Laufwerke

Abfragen aus dem eigenen Netzwerk

Abfrage mit richtigem Passwort

Abfrage mit falschem Passwort

erweiterte Konfiguration (SNMP V3)

Zugriffbeschränkung

Änderungen aktivieren

Änderungen testen

SNMP Logging anpassen

Links

Linux - Wissensdatenbank