IT Infrastruktur und Sytem Monitoring mit Nagios unter CentOS 7.x
Mit Nagios kann man sehr leicht und einfach umfangreiche und komplexe IT-Infrastrukturen und Dienste überwachen. Nagios bietet umfassende Überwachungs- und Alarmfunktionen für Server, Switches, Anwendungen und Dienste, so dass also Störungen im Betrieb frühestmöglich erkannt und Abhilfe geschaffen werden kann.
Tiefergehende Informationen zu Nagios findet man auf der Übersichtsseite von Nagios im WWW.
Installation
Die Installation von nagios gestaltet sich sehr einfach, sofern man das Repository mailserver.guru eingebunden hat. Beschränkt sich der Installationsaufruf doch auf auf den Befehl yum.
# yum install nagios -y
Alternativ dazu kann man sich natürlich auch die einzelnen von einander abhängigen Paketen manuell installieren, oder gar nagios aus den Quellen selbst zu übersetzen.
Was alles im Paket nagios enthalten ist, können wir nach der erfolgreichen Installation mit folgendem Aufruf erkunden,
# rpm -qil nagios
Name : nagios Version : 4.0.8 Release : 2.el7.centos Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: Tue 17 Feb 2015 08:45:12 PM CET Group : Applications/System Size : 7343767 License : GPLv2 Signature : RSA/SHA1, Tue 17 Feb 2015 08:28:10 PM CET, Key ID 60ecfb9e8195aea0 Source RPM : nagios-4.0.8-2.el7.centos.src.rpm Build Date : Tue 17 Feb 2015 08:27:51 PM CET Build Host : vml000200.dmz.nausch.org Relocations : (not relocatable) Packager : Django <django@mailserver.guru> Vendor : Nagios Enterprises (http://www.nagios.org) URL : http://www.nagios.org/ Summary : Nagios monitors hosts and services and yells if somethings breaks Description : Nagios is a program that will monitor hosts and services on your network. It has the ability to send email or page alerts when a problem arises and when a problem is resolved. Nagios is written in C and is designed to run under Linux (and some other *NIX variants) as a background process, intermittently running checks on various services that you specify. The actual service checks are performed by separate "plugin" programs which return the status of the checks to Nagios. The plugins are available at http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagiosplug. This package provides the core program, web interface, and documentation files for Nagios. Development files are built as a separate package. /etc/httpd/conf.d/nagios.conf /etc/logrotate.d/nagios /etc/nagios/cgi.cfg /etc/nagios/conf.d /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg /etc/nagios/objects /etc/nagios/objects/commands.cfg /etc/nagios/objects/contacts.cfg /etc/nagios/objects/localhost.cfg /etc/nagios/objects/printer.cfg /etc/nagios/objects/switch.cfg /etc/nagios/objects/templates.cfg /etc/nagios/objects/timeperiods.cfg /etc/nagios/objects/windows.cfg /etc/nagios/passwd /etc/nagios/private /etc/nagios/private/resource.cfg /etc/rc.d/init.d/nagios /etc/sysconfig/nagios /usr/bin/convertcfg /usr/bin/nagiostats /usr/lib64/nagios/cgi-bin /usr/lib64/nagios/cgi-bin/archivejson.cgi /usr/lib64/nagios/cgi-bin/avail.cgi /usr/lib64/nagios/cgi-bin/cmd.cgi /usr/lib64/nagios/cgi-bin/config.cgi /usr/lib64/nagios/cgi-bin/extinfo.cgi /usr/lib64/nagios/cgi-bin/histogram.cgi /usr/lib64/nagios/cgi-bin/history.cgi /usr/lib64/nagios/cgi-bin/notifications.cgi /usr/lib64/nagios/cgi-bin/objectjson.cgi 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/usr/share/nagios/html/images/logos/yellowdog.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/logos/yellowdog.jpg /usr/share/nagios/html/images/logos/yellowdog.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/logrotate.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/ndisabled.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/noack.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/notes.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/notify.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/orangedot.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/passiveonly.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/recovery.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/redudancy.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/redundancy.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/restart.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/right.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/sblogo.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/serviceevent.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/sflogo.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/splunk1.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/splunk2.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/start.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/status.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/status2.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/status3.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/status4.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/stop.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/tacdisabled.jpg /usr/share/nagios/html/images/tacdisabled.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/tacenabled.jpg /usr/share/nagios/html/images/tacenabled.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/thermcrit.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/thermok.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/thermwarn.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/trends.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/trendshost.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/trendssvc.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/unknown.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/up.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/warning.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/weblogo1.png /usr/share/nagios/html/images/zoom1.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/images/zoom2.gif /usr/share/nagios/html/includes /usr/share/nagios/html/includes/jquery-1.7.1.min.js /usr/share/nagios/html/includes/rss /usr/share/nagios/html/includes/rss/extlib /usr/share/nagios/html/includes/rss/extlib/Snoopy.class.inc /usr/share/nagios/html/includes/rss/rss_cache.inc /usr/share/nagios/html/includes/rss/rss_fetch.inc /usr/share/nagios/html/includes/rss/rss_parse.inc /usr/share/nagios/html/includes/rss/rss_utils.inc /usr/share/nagios/html/includes/utils.inc.php /usr/share/nagios/html/index.php /usr/share/nagios/html/js /usr/share/nagios/html/js/jquery-1.7.1.min.js /usr/share/nagios/html/js/jsonquery.js /usr/share/nagios/html/jsonquery.html /usr/share/nagios/html/main.php /usr/share/nagios/html/media /usr/share/nagios/html/robots.txt /usr/share/nagios/html/rss-corebanner.php /usr/share/nagios/html/rss-corefeed.html /usr/share/nagios/html/rss-corefeed.php /usr/share/nagios/html/rss-newsfeed.html /usr/share/nagios/html/rss-newsfeed.php /usr/share/nagios/html/side.php /usr/share/nagios/html/ssi /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/avail.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/checksanity.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/cmd.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/common.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/config.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/extinfo.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/histogram.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/history.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/jsonquery.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/ministatus.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/notifications.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/outages.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/showlog.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/status.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/statusmap.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/summary.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/tac.css /usr/share/nagios/html/stylesheets/trends.css /var/cache/nagios /var/log/nagios /var/log/nagios/archives /var/log/nagios/rw /var/spool/nagios/checkresults /var/spool/nagios/cmd
Basis-Konfiguration
WEB-Server
Für die Konfiguration des Apache-Webserver liefert uns das RPM-Paket bereits eine vorgefertigte Musterdatei mit.
# less /etc/httpd/conf.d/nagios.conf
- /etc/httpd/conf.d/nagios.conf
# SAMPLE CONFIG SNIPPETS FOR APACHE WEB SERVER # # This file contains examples of entries that need # to be incorporated into your Apache web server # configuration file. Customize the paths, etc. as # needed to fit your system. <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteRule ^/$ /nagios/index.php [R] </IfModule> ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin "/usr/lib64/nagios/cgi-bin" <Directory "/usr/lib64/nagios/cgi-bin"> # SSLRequireSSL Options +ExecCGI AllowOverride All AuthName "Nagios Access" AuthType Basic AuthUserFile /etc/nagios/passwd <IfModule mod_authz_core.c> # Apache 2.4 <RequireAll> Require all granted # Require local Require valid-user </RequireAll> </IfModule> <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c> # Apache 2.2 Order allow,deny Allow from all # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from 127.0.0.1 Require valid-user </IfModule> </Directory> Alias /nagios "/usr/share/nagios/html" <Directory "/usr/share/nagios/html"> # SSLRequireSSL Options None AllowOverride None AuthName "Nagios Access" AuthType Basic AuthUserFile /etc/nagios/passwd <IfModule mod_authz_core.c> # Apache 2.4 <RequireAll> Require all granted # Require local Require valid-user </RequireAll> </IfModule> <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c> # Apache 2.2 Order allow,deny Allow from all # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from 127.0.0.1 Require valid-user </IfModule> </Directory>
Bevor wir die Konfiguration unseres Apache Webservers „scharf“ schalten, testen wir die Konfigurationsdatei noch auf syntaktische Fehler.
# apachectl -t
Syntax OK
Ist alles O.K., aktivieren wir die Konfiguration mit einem Reload unseres Apache-Webservers.
# systemctl condrestart httpd
Nutzerkonten
Damit sich unser(e) Nagios-User am WEB-Frontend anmelden können, brauchen wir zur Authorisierung noch entsprechende Nutzerkonten, bestehend aus User und Passwort. Diese legen wir mit Hilfe des Befehls htpasswd an. Für den ersten Account admin benutzen wir htpasswd mit der Option -c (create).
# htpasswd -c /etc/nagios/passwd nagiosadmin
New password: Re-type new password: Adding password for user nagiosadmin
Bei jedem weiteren Nutzer brauchen wir dann keine Option -c, da die Datei ja bereits existiert und wir sonst die ggf. bestehenden Nutzeraccounts überschreiben würden!
# htpasswd /etc/nagios/passwd django
New password: Re-type new password: Adding password for user django
Nagios Web-Frontend
Nun können wir uns am Webfrontend anmelden. Wir rufen also mit dem Browser unserer Wahl den zuvor aktivierten Webserver auf.
$ firefox http://nagios.nausch.org
Hier geben wir nun unsere Anmeldedaten ein, die wir zuvor angelegt hatten.
Konfigurationsbeispiele
Je nach Art und Umfang der zu überwachenden Systeme und Dienste nimmt der Umfang der nötigen Konfigurationsaufgaben zu. Einen kleinen Einblick gewährt z.B. nachfolgender Verzeichnisbaum in das Monitoring einer kleinen IT-Organisation.
/etc/nagios/
├── cgi.cfg
├── conf.d
├── nrpe.cfg
├── objects
│ ├── commands
│ │ ├── check_nrpe.cfg
│ │ └── command_check_nrpe.cfg.test
│ ├── commands.cfg
│ ├── contacts.cfg
│ ├── localhost.cfg
│ ├── nausch.org
│ │ ├── commands
│ │ │ ├── check_sks-keyserver.cfg
│ │ │ ├── command_check_switch.cfg
│ │ │ └── command_check_webcam.cfg
│ │ ├── contact
│ │ │ ├── object_contact_django.cfg
│ │ │ ├── object_contact_patrick.cf
│ │ │ ├── object_contact_peer.cf
│ │ │ ├── object_contact_klaus.cf
│ │ │ ├── object_contactgroup_admins.cfg
│ │ │ └── object_contact_nagiosadmin.cfg
│ │ ├── hostgroups
│ │ │ ├── dmz
│ │ │ │ └── hostgroups_dmz.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ │ └── intra
│ │ │ ├── hostgroup_cameras.cfg
│ │ │ ├── hostgroup_intra.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ │ ├── hostgroup_router.cfg
│ │ │ ├── hostgroup_switche.cfg
│ │ │ └── hostgroup_voip.cfg
│ │ ├── hosts
│ │ │ ├── dmz
│ │ │ │ ├── vml000010.cfg
│ │ │ │ ├── vml000017.cfg
│ │ │ │ ├── vml000020.cfg
│ │ │ │ ├── vml000027.cfg
│ │ │ │ ├── vml000030.cfg
│ │ │ │ ├── vml000037.cfg
│ │ │ │ ├── vml000040.cfg
│ │ │ │ ├── vml000047.cfg
│ │ │ │ ├── vml000050.cfg
│ │ │ │ ├── vml000057.cfg
│ │ │ │ ├── vml000067.cfg
│ │ │ │ ├── vml000077.cfg
│ │ │ │ ├── vml000087.cfg
│ │ │ │ ├── vml000097.cfg
│ │ │ │ ├── vml000117.cfg
│ │ │ │ └── vml000127.cfg
│ │ │ └── intra
│ │ │ ├── cam010017.cfg
│ │ │ ├── cam010018.cfg
│ │ │ ├── cam010019.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pml010002.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pml010010.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pml010011.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pml010013.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pnc010004.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pnc010005.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pnc010007.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pnc010008.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pnc010009.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pnc010015.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pnc010021.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pnc010030.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pnc010033.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pnc010042.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pnc010047.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pnc010048.cfg
│ │ │ ├── pnc010049.cfg
│ │ │ └── pnc010057.cfg
│ │ ├── servicegroups
│ │ │ ├── servicegroup_cups.cfg
│ │ │ ├── servicegroup_dhcp.cfg
│ │ │ ├── servicegroup_fhem.cfg
│ │ │ ├── servicegroup_firewalls.cfg
│ │ │ ├── servicegroup_ldap.cfg
│ │ │ ├── servicegroup_mail.cfg
│ │ │ ├── servicegroup_mysql.cfg
│ │ │ ├── servicegroup_proxy.cfg
│ │ │ ├── servicegroup_sks.cfg
│ │ │ ├── servicegroup_wetterstation.cfg
│ │ │ └── servicegroup_www.cfg
│ │ └── services
│ │ ├── check_access_vantage_2.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_autodiscover.dokuwiki.guru.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_autodiscover.ebersberger-liedersammlung.de.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_autodiscover.it-ignorant.de.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_autodiscover.it-ignorant.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_autodiscover.mail-server.guru.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_autodiscover.mailserver.guru.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_autodiscover.nausch.guru.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_autodiscover.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_autodiscover.omni128.de.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_autodiscover.pgp.guru.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_autodiscover.piraten-it.guru.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_autodiscover.postfix.guru.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_autodiscover.sec-mai.guru.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_autodiscover.wetterstation-pliening.info.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_awstats.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_betterawstats.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_buero.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_buero.sec-mail.guru.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_cacti.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_dglog.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_dms.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_dokuwiki.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_ebersberger-liedersammlung.de.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_fhem.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_greygraph.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_homepage.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_iconfig.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_lists.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_mailgraph.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_mailstats.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_mxgraphs.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_nagios.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_nas.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_omni128.de.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_photo.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_phpldapadmin.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_phpmyadmin.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_piwik.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_postfixadmin.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_postfix.guru.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_postmaster.guru.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_power.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_queuegraph.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_r-dmarc.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_roundcubemail.mailserver.guru.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_roundcubemail.sec-mail.guru.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_sarg.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_squid-graph.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_switch.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_test.dokuwiki.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_test.ebersberger-liedersammlung.de.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_webdav.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_wiki.mailserver.guru.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_wlan.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_www.buero.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_www.dms.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_www.dokuwiki.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_www.ebersberger-liedersammlung.de.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_www.homepage.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_www.iconfig.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_www.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_www.omni128.de.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_www.xn--bro-hoa.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_xn--bro-hoa.nausch.org.cfg
│ │ ├── check_cert_xn--bro-hoa.sec-mai.guru.cfg
│ │ ├── check_clamav.cfg
│ │ ├── check_dhcp_leases.cfg
│ │ ├── check_dns_forward.cfg
│ │ ├── check_dns_reverse.cfg
│ │ ├── check_dokuwiki.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fileage_dh_1024.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fileage_dh_2048.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fileage_dh_512.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_boot.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_data.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_dataoldone.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_home.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_opt.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_ramdisk_srvsks.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_ramdisk_sudo.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_root.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_srvvmail.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_varlibldap.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_varliblibvirt.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_varlibmysql.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_varlog.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_varlogdansguardian.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_varlogsquid.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_varspoolpostfix.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_varspoolsquid.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_varsyslog.cfg
│ │ ├── check_fs_varwwwwebcam.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_buero.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_b\303\274ro.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_cacti.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_cam-ost.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_cam-tfe.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_cam-west.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_dglog.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_greygraph.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_lists.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_mailgraph.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_mailstats.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_mxgraphs.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_postfixadmin.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_power.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_queuegraph.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_repository.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_sarg.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_squid-graph.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_webcam.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_wetter.cfg
│ │ ├── check_http_wviewadmin.cfg
│ │ ├── check_if_traffic_eth0.cfg
│ │ ├── check_if_traffic_eth1.cfg
│ │ ├── check_if_traffic_ppp0.cfg
│ │ ├── check_imap_cert.cfg
│ │ ├── check_imap_connections.cfg
│ │ ├── check_imap_login.cfg
│ │ ├── check_imap_login_processes.cfg
│ │ ├── check_imap_master_process.cfg
│ │ ├── check_imaps_login.cfg
│ │ ├── check_ldap_cert.cfg
│ │ ├── check_ldap_connect.cfg
│ │ ├── check_ldap_local.cfg
│ │ ├── check_load.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mail_loop.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_connection-time.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_index-usage.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_innodb-bufferpool-hitrate.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_innodb-bufferpool-wait-free.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_innodb-log-waits.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_local.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_long-running-procs.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_myisam-keycache-hitrate.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_open-files.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_query_aborted_connects.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_querycache-hitrate.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_querycache-lowmem-prunes.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_query_max_used_connections.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_remote.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_slow-queries.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_tablecache-hitrate.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_table-lock-contention.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_threadcache-hitrate.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_threads-connected.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_tmp-disk-tables.cfg
│ │ ├── check_mysql_uptime.cfg
│ │ ├── check_ntpd.cfg
│ │ ├── check_pop3_connections.cfg
│ │ ├── check_pop3_login.cfg
│ │ ├── check_pop3_login_processes.cfg
│ │ ├── check_pop3s_login.cfg
│ │ ├── check_postfix_queue.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_amavisd.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_arpwatch.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_cam2pic.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_cam_update.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_clamd_mail.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_clamd_web.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_crond.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_dansguardian.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_dhcp2.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_dhcpd.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_freshclam_web.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_haveged.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_httpd.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_iptables.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_ldap.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_mailman.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_mysql.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_named.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_newsletter.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_opendkim.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_opendmarc.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_postfix.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_postfix_weather.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_pppoe.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_sks-db.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_sks-recon.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_smf-spf.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_squid.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_srsd.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_stormforce_client.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_stormforce_server.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_website.cfg
│ │ ├── check_running_wview.cfg
│ │ ├── check_sda_smart.cfg
│ │ ├── check_sdb_smart.cfg
│ │ ├── check_sdc_smart.cfg
│ │ ├── check_sdd_smart.cfg
│ │ ├── check_sending_bodyspam_mail.cfg
│ │ ├── check_sending_headerspam_mail.cfg
│ │ ├── check_sending_lmtp.cfg
│ │ ├── check_sending_mail_10024.cfg
│ │ ├── check_sending_mail_10025.cfg
│ │ ├── check_sending_newsletter.cfg
│ │ ├── check_sending_submission.cfg
│ │ ├── check_sending_virusmail.cfg
│ │ ├── check_sks-keyserver.cfg
│ │ ├── check_smtp_auth.cfg
│ │ ├── check_smtp_cert.cfg
│ │ ├── check_squid_access.cfg
│ │ ├── check_squid_file_desc.cfg
│ │ ├── check_ssh_c7.cfg
│ │ ├── check_ssh.cfg
│ │ ├── check_stormforce_2_age.cfg
│ │ ├── check_stormforce_small_age.cfg
│ │ ├── check_swap.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_amavisd_10024.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_amavisd_9998.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_amavisd_milter.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_amavis_mail.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_auth.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_dansguardian.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_dkim_milter.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_dmarc_milter.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_imap.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_imaps.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_lmtp.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_nrpe.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_pop3.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_pop3s.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_postgres_serverport.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_quota.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_sasl_auth.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_smtp_mail.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_smtp_submission.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_spamd_783.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_spf_milter.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_squid.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_srs_recipient.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_srs_sender.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_stormforce_serverport.cfg
│ │ ├── check_tcp_www_mail.cfg
│ │ ├── check_time.cfg
│ │ ├── check_total_procs.cfg
│ │ ├── check_update_clamav.cfg
│ │ ├── check_updates.cfg
│ │ ├── check_users.cfg
│ │ └── check_zombie_procs.cfg
│ ├── printer.cfg
│ ├── switch.cfg
│ ├── templates
│ │ ├── template_generic-contact.cfg
│ │ ├── template_generic-host.cfg
│ │ ├── template_generic-printer.cfg
│ │ ├── template_generic-service.cfg
│ │ ├── template_generic-switch.cfg
│ │ ├── template_hostgroup_firewalls.cfg
│ │ ├── template_hostgroup_linuxhosts.cfg
│ │ ├── template_hostgroup_virtual-linuxhosts.cfg
│ │ ├── template_ip-camera.cfg
│ │ ├── template_linux-realserver.cfg
│ │ ├── template_linux-virtualserver.cfg
│ │ ├── template_mobile-telefone.cfg
│ │ ├── template_network-equipment.cfg
│ │ ├── template_physical-telefone.cfg
│ │ └── template_windows-server.cfg
│ ├── templates.cfg
│ ├── timeperiods.cfg
│ └── windows.cfg
├── passwd
└── private
└── resource.cfg
Je nach Anforderungen kann zur Konfiguration und Verwaltung der einzelnen Objekte eine SQL-Datenbank oder auch einzelne Dateien verwendet werden. Für die IT-Landschaft bei nausch.org kommen entsprechende Konfigurationsdateien zum Einsatz. So können ohne großen Aufwand einzelne Objekte schnell und einfach eingestellt und angepasst werden. Auf diese einfache Konfigurationsschritte gehen wir nun anschließend bei einem System/Server kurz ein.
nagios.cfg
Die grundlegende Konfiguration von nagios erfolgt mit Hilfe der Datei nagios.cfg.
# vim /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg
- /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg
############################################################################## # # NAGIOS.CFG - Sample Main Config File for Nagios 4.0.8 # # Read the documentation for more information on this configuration # file. I've provided some comments here, but things may not be so # clear without further explanation. # # ############################################################################## # LOG FILE # This is the main log file where service and host events are logged # for historical purposes. This should be the first option specified # in the config file!!! log_file=/var/log/nagios/nagios.log # OBJECT CONFIGURATION FILE(S) # These are the object configuration files in which you define hosts, # host groups, contacts, contact groups, services, etc. # You can split your object definitions across several config files # if you wish (as shown below), or keep them all in a single config file. # You can specify individual object config files as shown below: cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/commands.cfg # Django : 2015-02-17 # default: cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/contacts.cfg cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/timeperiods.cfg # Django : 2015-02-17 # default: cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/templates.cfg # Definitions for monitoring the local (Linux) host # Django : 2015-02-17 # default: cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/localhost.cfg # Definitions for monitoring a Windows machine #cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/windows.cfg # Definitions for monitoring a router/switch #cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/switch.cfg # Definitions for monitoring a network printer #cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/printer.cfg # You can also tell Nagios to process all config files (with a .cfg # extension) in a particular directory by using the cfg_dir # directive as shown below: #cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/servers #cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/printers #cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/switches #cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/routers # Django : 2015-02-17 cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/objects/commands cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/objects/templates cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/conf.d # OBJECT CACHE FILE # This option determines where object definitions are cached when # Nagios starts/restarts. The CGIs read object definitions from # this cache file (rather than looking at the object config files # directly) in order to prevent inconsistencies that can occur # when the config files are modified after Nagios starts. object_cache_file=/var/spool/nagios/objects.cache # PRE-CACHED OBJECT FILE # This options determines the location of the precached object file. # If you run Nagios with the -p command line option, it will preprocess # your object configuration file(s) and write the cached config to this # file. You can then start Nagios with the -u option to have it read # object definitions from this precached file, rather than the standard # object configuration files (see the cfg_file and cfg_dir options above). # Using a precached object file can speed up the time needed to (re)start # the Nagios process if you've got a large and/or complex configuration. # Read the documentation section on optimizing Nagios to find our more # about how this feature works. precached_object_file=/var/spool/nagios/objects.precache # RESOURCE FILE # This is an optional resource file that contains $USERx$ macro # definitions. Multiple resource files can be specified by using # multiple resource_file definitions. The CGIs will not attempt to # read the contents of resource files, so information that is # considered to be sensitive (usernames, passwords, etc) can be # defined as macros in this file and restrictive permissions (600) # can be placed on this file. resource_file=/etc/nagios/private/resource.cfg # STATUS FILE # This is where the current status of all monitored services and # hosts is stored. Its contents are read and processed by the CGIs. # The contents of the status file are deleted every time Nagios # restarts. status_file=/var/spool/nagios/status.dat # STATUS FILE UPDATE INTERVAL # This option determines the frequency (in seconds) that # Nagios will periodically dump program, host, and # service status data. status_update_interval=10 # NAGIOS USER # This determines the effective user that Nagios should run as. # You can either supply a username or a UID. nagios_user=nagios # NAGIOS GROUP # This determines the effective group that Nagios should run as. # You can either supply a group name or a GID. nagios_group=nagios # EXTERNAL COMMAND OPTION # This option allows you to specify whether or not Nagios should check # for external commands (in the command file defined below). By default # Nagios will *not* check for external commands, just to be on the # cautious side. If you want to be able to use the CGI command interface # you will have to enable this. # Values: 0 = disable commands, 1 = enable commands check_external_commands=1 # EXTERNAL COMMAND FILE # This is the file that Nagios checks for external command requests. # It is also where the command CGI will write commands that are submitted # by users, so it must be writeable by the user that the web server # is running as (usually 'nobody'). Permissions should be set at the # directory level instead of on the file, as the file is deleted every # time its contents are processed. command_file=/var/spool/nagios/cmd/nagios.cmd # QUERY HANDLER INTERFACE # This is the socket that is created for the Query Handler interface #query_socket=/var/log/nagios/rw/nagios.qh # LOCK FILE # This is the lockfile that Nagios will use to store its PID number # in when it is running in daemon mode. lock_file=/var/run/nagios.pid # TEMP FILE # This is a temporary file that is used as scratch space when Nagios # updates the status log, cleans the comment file, etc. This file # is created, used, and deleted throughout the time that Nagios is # running. temp_file=/var/spool/nagios/nagios.tmp # TEMP PATH # This is path where Nagios can create temp files for service and # host check results, etc. temp_path=/tmp # EVENT BROKER OPTIONS # Controls what (if any) data gets sent to the event broker. # Values: 0 = Broker nothing # -1 = Broker everything # <other> = See documentation event_broker_options=-1 # EVENT BROKER MODULE(S) # This directive is used to specify an event broker module that should # by loaded by Nagios at startup. Use multiple directives if you want # to load more than one module. Arguments that should be passed to # the module at startup are seperated from the module path by a space. # #!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! # WARNING !!! WARNING !!! WARNING !!! WARNING !!! WARNING !!! WARNING #!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! # # Do NOT overwrite modules while they are being used by Nagios or Nagios # will crash in a fiery display of SEGFAULT glory. This is a bug/limitation # either in dlopen(), the kernel, and/or the filesystem. And maybe Nagios... # # The correct/safe way of updating a module is by using one of these methods: # 1. Shutdown Nagios, replace the module file, restart Nagios # 2. Delete the original module file, move the new module file into place, restart Nagios # # Example: # # broker_module=<modulepath> [moduleargs] #broker_module=/somewhere/module1.o #broker_module=/somewhere/module2.o arg1 arg2=3 debug=0 # LOG ROTATION METHOD # This is the log rotation method that Nagios should use to rotate # the main log file. Values are as follows.. # n = None - don't rotate the log # h = Hourly rotation (top of the hour) # d = Daily rotation (midnight every day) # w = Weekly rotation (midnight on Saturday evening) # m = Monthly rotation (midnight last day of month) log_rotation_method=d # LOG ARCHIVE PATH # This is the directory where archived (rotated) log files should be # placed (assuming you've chosen to do log rotation). log_archive_path=/var/log/nagios/archives # LOGGING OPTIONS # If you want messages logged to the syslog facility, as well as the # Nagios log file set this option to 1. If not, set it to 0. # Django : 2015-02-17 - 1x loggen reicht! # default: use_syslog=1 use_syslog=0 # NOTIFICATION LOGGING OPTION # If you don't want notifications to be logged, set this value to 0. # If notifications should be logged, set the value to 1. log_notifications=1 # SERVICE RETRY LOGGING OPTION # If you don't want service check retries to be logged, set this value # to 0. If retries should be logged, set the value to 1. log_service_retries=1 # HOST RETRY LOGGING OPTION # If you don't want host check retries to be logged, set this value to # 0. If retries should be logged, set the value to 1. log_host_retries=1 # EVENT HANDLER LOGGING OPTION # If you don't want host and service event handlers to be logged, set # this value to 0. If event handlers should be logged, set the value # to 1. log_event_handlers=1 # INITIAL STATES LOGGING OPTION # If you want Nagios to log all initial host and service states to # the main log file (the first time the service or host is checked) # you can enable this option by setting this value to 1. If you # are not using an external application that does long term state # statistics reporting, you do not need to enable this option. In # this case, set the value to 0. log_initial_states=0 # CURRENT STATES LOGGING OPTION # If you don't want Nagios to log all current host and service states # after log has been rotated to the main log file, you can disable this # option by setting this value to 0. Default value is 1. log_current_states=1 # EXTERNAL COMMANDS LOGGING OPTION # If you don't want Nagios to log external commands, set this value # to 0. If external commands should be logged, set this value to 1. # Note: This option does not include logging of passive service # checks - see the option below for controlling whether or not # passive checks are logged. log_external_commands=1 # PASSIVE CHECKS LOGGING OPTION # If you don't want Nagios to log passive host and service checks, set # this value to 0. If passive checks should be logged, set # this value to 1. log_passive_checks=1 # GLOBAL HOST AND SERVICE EVENT HANDLERS # These options allow you to specify a host and service event handler # command that is to be run for every host or service state change. # The global event handler is executed immediately prior to the event # handler that you have optionally specified in each host or # service definition. The command argument is the short name of a # command definition that you define in your host configuration file. # Read the HTML docs for more information. #global_host_event_handler=somecommand #global_service_event_handler=somecommand # SERVICE INTER-CHECK DELAY METHOD # This is the method that Nagios should use when initially # "spreading out" service checks when it starts monitoring. The # default is to use smart delay calculation, which will try to # space all service checks out evenly to minimize CPU load. # Using the dumb setting will cause all checks to be scheduled # at the same time (with no delay between them)! This is not a # good thing for production, but is useful when testing the # parallelization functionality. # n = None - don't use any delay between checks # d = Use a "dumb" delay of 1 second between checks # s = Use "smart" inter-check delay calculation # x.xx = Use an inter-check delay of x.xx seconds service_inter_check_delay_method=s # MAXIMUM SERVICE CHECK SPREAD # This variable determines the timeframe (in minutes) from the # program start time that an initial check of all services should # be completed. Default is 30 minutes. max_service_check_spread=30 # SERVICE CHECK INTERLEAVE FACTOR # This variable determines how service checks are interleaved. # Interleaving the service checks allows for a more even # distribution of service checks and reduced load on remote # hosts. Setting this value to 1 is equivalent to how versions # of Nagios previous to 0.0.5 did service checks. Set this # value to s (smart) for automatic calculation of the interleave # factor unless you have a specific reason to change it. # s = Use "smart" interleave factor calculation # x = Use an interleave factor of x, where x is a # number greater than or equal to 1. service_interleave_factor=s # HOST INTER-CHECK DELAY METHOD # This is the method that Nagios should use when initially # "spreading out" host checks when it starts monitoring. The # default is to use smart delay calculation, which will try to # space all host checks out evenly to minimize CPU load. # Using the dumb setting will cause all checks to be scheduled # at the same time (with no delay between them)! # n = None - don't use any delay between checks # d = Use a "dumb" delay of 1 second between checks # s = Use "smart" inter-check delay calculation # x.xx = Use an inter-check delay of x.xx seconds host_inter_check_delay_method=s # MAXIMUM HOST CHECK SPREAD # This variable determines the timeframe (in minutes) from the # program start time that an initial check of all hosts should # be completed. Default is 30 minutes. max_host_check_spread=30 # MAXIMUM CONCURRENT SERVICE CHECKS # This option allows you to specify the maximum number of # service checks that can be run in parallel at any given time. # Specifying a value of 1 for this variable essentially prevents # any service checks from being parallelized. A value of 0 # will not restrict the number of concurrent checks that are # being executed. max_concurrent_checks=0 # HOST AND SERVICE CHECK REAPER FREQUENCY # This is the frequency (in seconds!) that Nagios will process # the results of host and service checks. check_result_reaper_frequency=10 # MAX CHECK RESULT REAPER TIME # This is the max amount of time (in seconds) that a single # check result reaper event will be allowed to run before # returning control back to Nagios so it can perform other # duties. max_check_result_reaper_time=30 # CHECK RESULT PATH # This is directory where Nagios stores the results of host and # service checks that have not yet been processed. # # Note: Make sure that only one instance of Nagios has access # to this directory! check_result_path=/var/spool/nagios/checkresults # MAX CHECK RESULT FILE AGE # This option determines the maximum age (in seconds) which check # result files are considered to be valid. Files older than this # threshold will be mercilessly deleted without further processing. max_check_result_file_age=3600 # CACHED HOST CHECK HORIZON # This option determines the maximum amount of time (in seconds) # that the state of a previous host check is considered current. # Cached host states (from host checks that were performed more # recently that the timeframe specified by this value) can immensely # improve performance in regards to the host check logic. # Too high of a value for this option may result in inaccurate host # states being used by Nagios, while a lower value may result in a # performance hit for host checks. Use a value of 0 to disable host # check caching. cached_host_check_horizon=15 # CACHED SERVICE CHECK HORIZON # This option determines the maximum amount of time (in seconds) # that the state of a previous service check is considered current. # Cached service states (from service checks that were performed more # recently that the timeframe specified by this value) can immensely # improve performance in regards to predictive dependency checks. # Use a value of 0 to disable service check caching. cached_service_check_horizon=15 # ENABLE PREDICTIVE HOST DEPENDENCY CHECKS # This option determines whether or not Nagios will attempt to execute # checks of hosts when it predicts that future dependency logic test # may be needed. These predictive checks can help ensure that your # host dependency logic works well. # Values: # 0 = Disable predictive checks # 1 = Enable predictive checks (default) enable_predictive_host_dependency_checks=1 # ENABLE PREDICTIVE SERVICE DEPENDENCY CHECKS # This option determines whether or not Nagios will attempt to execute # checks of service when it predicts that future dependency logic test # may be needed. These predictive checks can help ensure that your # service dependency logic works well. # Values: # 0 = Disable predictive checks # 1 = Enable predictive checks (default) enable_predictive_service_dependency_checks=1 # SOFT STATE DEPENDENCIES # This option determines whether or not Nagios will use soft state # information when checking host and service dependencies. Normally # Nagios will only use the latest hard host or service state when # checking dependencies. If you want it to use the latest state (regardless # of whether its a soft or hard state type), enable this option. # Values: # 0 = Don't use soft state dependencies (default) # 1 = Use soft state dependencies soft_state_dependencies=0 # TIME CHANGE ADJUSTMENT THRESHOLDS # These options determine when Nagios will react to detected changes # in system time (either forward or backwards). #time_change_threshold=900 # AUTO-RESCHEDULING OPTION # This option determines whether or not Nagios will attempt to # automatically reschedule active host and service checks to # "smooth" them out over time. This can help balance the load on # the monitoring server. # WARNING: THIS IS AN EXPERIMENTAL FEATURE - IT CAN DEGRADE # PERFORMANCE, RATHER THAN INCREASE IT, IF USED IMPROPERLY auto_reschedule_checks=0 # AUTO-RESCHEDULING INTERVAL # This option determines how often (in seconds) Nagios will # attempt to automatically reschedule checks. This option only # has an effect if the auto_reschedule_checks option is enabled. # Default is 30 seconds. # WARNING: THIS IS AN EXPERIMENTAL FEATURE - IT CAN DEGRADE # PERFORMANCE, RATHER THAN INCREASE IT, IF USED IMPROPERLY auto_rescheduling_interval=30 # AUTO-RESCHEDULING WINDOW # This option determines the "window" of time (in seconds) that # Nagios will look at when automatically rescheduling checks. # Only host and service checks that occur in the next X seconds # (determined by this variable) will be rescheduled. This option # only has an effect if the auto_reschedule_checks option is # enabled. Default is 180 seconds (3 minutes). # WARNING: THIS IS AN EXPERIMENTAL FEATURE - IT CAN DEGRADE # PERFORMANCE, RATHER THAN INCREASE IT, IF USED IMPROPERLY auto_rescheduling_window=180 # TIMEOUT VALUES # These options control how much time Nagios will allow various # types of commands to execute before killing them off. Options # are available for controlling maximum time allotted for # service checks, host checks, event handlers, notifications, the # ocsp command, and performance data commands. All values are in # seconds. service_check_timeout=60 host_check_timeout=30 event_handler_timeout=30 notification_timeout=30 ocsp_timeout=5 perfdata_timeout=5 # RETAIN STATE INFORMATION # This setting determines whether or not Nagios will save state # information for services and hosts before it shuts down. Upon # startup Nagios will reload all saved service and host state # information before starting to monitor. This is useful for # maintaining long-term data on state statistics, etc, but will # slow Nagios down a bit when it (re)starts. Since its only # a one-time penalty, I think its well worth the additional # startup delay. retain_state_information=1 # STATE RETENTION FILE # This is the file that Nagios should use to store host and # service state information before it shuts down. The state # information in this file is also read immediately prior to # starting to monitor the network when Nagios is restarted. # This file is used only if the retain_state_information # variable is set to 1. state_retention_file=/var/log/nagios/retention.dat # RETENTION DATA UPDATE INTERVAL # This setting determines how often (in minutes) that Nagios # will automatically save retention data during normal operation. # If you set this value to 0, Nagios will not save retention # data at regular interval, but it will still save retention # data before shutting down or restarting. If you have disabled # state retention, this option has no effect. retention_update_interval=60 # USE RETAINED PROGRAM STATE # This setting determines whether or not Nagios will set # program status variables based on the values saved in the # retention file. If you want to use retained program status # information, set this value to 1. If not, set this value # to 0. use_retained_program_state=1 # USE RETAINED SCHEDULING INFO # This setting determines whether or not Nagios will retain # the scheduling info (next check time) for hosts and services # based on the values saved in the retention file. If you # If you want to use retained scheduling info, set this # value to 1. If not, set this value to 0. use_retained_scheduling_info=1 # RETAINED ATTRIBUTE MASKS (ADVANCED FEATURE) # The following variables are used to specify specific host and # service attributes that should *not* be retained by Nagios during # program restarts. # # The values of the masks are bitwise ANDs of values specified # by the "MODATTR_" definitions found in include/common.h. # For example, if you do not want the current enabled/disabled state # of flap detection and event handlers for hosts to be retained, you # would use a value of 24 for the host attribute mask... # MODATTR_EVENT_HANDLER_ENABLED (8) + MODATTR_FLAP_DETECTION_ENABLED (16) = 24 # This mask determines what host attributes are not retained retained_host_attribute_mask=0 # This mask determines what service attributes are not retained retained_service_attribute_mask=0 # These two masks determine what process attributes are not retained. # There are two masks, because some process attributes have host and service # options. For example, you can disable active host checks, but leave active # service checks enabled. retained_process_host_attribute_mask=0 retained_process_service_attribute_mask=0 # These two masks determine what contact attributes are not retained. # There are two masks, because some contact attributes have host and # service options. For example, you can disable host notifications for # a contact, but leave service notifications enabled for them. retained_contact_host_attribute_mask=0 retained_contact_service_attribute_mask=0 # INTERVAL LENGTH # This is the seconds per unit interval as used in the # host/contact/service configuration files. Setting this to 60 means # that each interval is one minute long (60 seconds). Other settings # have not been tested much, so your mileage is likely to vary... interval_length=60 # CHECK FOR UPDATES # This option determines whether Nagios will automatically check to # see if new updates (releases) are available. It is recommend that you # enable this option to ensure that you stay on top of the latest critical # patches to Nagios. Nagios is critical to you - make sure you keep it in # good shape. Nagios will check once a day for new updates. Data collected # by Nagios Enterprises from the update check is processed in accordance # with our privacy policy - see http://api.nagios.org for details. check_for_updates=1 # BARE UPDATE CHECK # This option deterines what data Nagios will send to api.nagios.org when # it checks for updates. By default, Nagios will send information on the # current version of Nagios you have installed, as well as an indicator as # to whether this was a new installation or not. Nagios Enterprises uses # this data to determine the number of users running specific version of # Nagios. Enable this option if you do not want this information to be sent. # Django : 2015-02-17 # default: bare_update_check=0 bare_update_check=1 # AGGRESSIVE HOST CHECKING OPTION # If you don't want to turn on aggressive host checking features, set # this value to 0 (the default). Otherwise set this value to 1 to # enable the aggressive check option. Read the docs for more info # on what aggressive host check is or check out the source code in # base/checks.c use_aggressive_host_checking=0 # SERVICE CHECK EXECUTION OPTION # This determines whether or not Nagios will actively execute # service checks when it initially starts. If this option is # disabled, checks are not actively made, but Nagios can still # receive and process passive check results that come in. Unless # you're implementing redundant hosts or have a special need for # disabling the execution of service checks, leave this enabled! # Values: 1 = enable checks, 0 = disable checks execute_service_checks=1 # PASSIVE SERVICE CHECK ACCEPTANCE OPTION # This determines whether or not Nagios will accept passive # service checks results when it initially (re)starts. # Values: 1 = accept passive checks, 0 = reject passive checks accept_passive_service_checks=1 # HOST CHECK EXECUTION OPTION # This determines whether or not Nagios will actively execute # host checks when it initially starts. If this option is # disabled, checks are not actively made, but Nagios can still # receive and process passive check results that come in. Unless # you're implementing redundant hosts or have a special need for # disabling the execution of host checks, leave this enabled! # Values: 1 = enable checks, 0 = disable checks execute_host_checks=1 # PASSIVE HOST CHECK ACCEPTANCE OPTION # This determines whether or not Nagios will accept passive # host checks results when it initially (re)starts. # Values: 1 = accept passive checks, 0 = reject passive checks accept_passive_host_checks=1 # NOTIFICATIONS OPTION # This determines whether or not Nagios will sent out any host or # service notifications when it is initially (re)started. # Values: 1 = enable notifications, 0 = disable notifications enable_notifications=1 # EVENT HANDLER USE OPTION # This determines whether or not Nagios will run any host or # service event handlers when it is initially (re)started. Unless # you're implementing redundant hosts, leave this option enabled. # Values: 1 = enable event handlers, 0 = disable event handlers enable_event_handlers=1 # PROCESS PERFORMANCE DATA OPTION # This determines whether or not Nagios will process performance # data returned from service and host checks. If this option is # enabled, host performance data will be processed using the # host_perfdata_command (defined below) and service performance # data will be processed using the service_perfdata_command (also # defined below). Read the HTML docs for more information on # performance data. # Values: 1 = process performance data, 0 = do not process performance data # Django : 2015-02-17 - Performance-Daten anlegen # default: process_performance_data=0 process_performance_data=1 # HOST AND SERVICE PERFORMANCE DATA PROCESSING COMMANDS # These commands are run after every host and service check is # performed. These commands are executed only if the # enable_performance_data option (above) is set to 1. The command # argument is the short name of a command definition that you # define in your host configuration file. Read the HTML docs for # more information on performance data. #host_perfdata_command=process-host-perfdata #service_perfdata_command=process-service-perfdata # HOST AND SERVICE PERFORMANCE DATA FILES # These files are used to store host and service performance data. # Performance data is only written to these files if the # enable_performance_data option (above) is set to 1. #host_perfdata_file=/var/log/nagios/host-perfdata #service_perfdata_file=/var/log/nagios/service-perfdata # HOST AND SERVICE PERFORMANCE DATA FILE TEMPLATES # These options determine what data is written (and how) to the # performance data files. The templates may contain macros, special # characters (\t for tab, \r for carriage return, \n for newline) # and plain text. A newline is automatically added after each write # to the performance data file. Some examples of what you can do are # shown below. #host_perfdata_file_template=[HOSTPERFDATA]\t$TIMET$\t$HOSTNAME$\t$HOSTEXECUTIONTIME$\t$HOSTOUTPUT$\t$HOSTPERFDATA$ #service_perfdata_file_template=[SERVICEPERFDATA]\t$TIMET$\t$HOSTNAME$\t$SERVICEDESC$\t$SERVICEEXECUTIONTIME$\t$SERVICELATENCY$\t$SERVICEOUTPUT$\t$SERVICEPERFDATA$ # HOST AND SERVICE PERFORMANCE DATA FILE MODES # This option determines whether or not the host and service # performance data files are opened in write ("w") or append ("a") # mode. If you want to use named pipes, you should use the special # pipe ("p") mode which avoid blocking at startup, otherwise you will # likely want the defult append ("a") mode. #host_perfdata_file_mode=a #service_perfdata_file_mode=a # HOST AND SERVICE PERFORMANCE DATA FILE PROCESSING INTERVAL # These options determine how often (in seconds) the host and service # performance data files are processed using the commands defined # below. A value of 0 indicates the files should not be periodically # processed. #host_perfdata_file_processing_interval=0 #service_perfdata_file_processing_interval=0 # HOST AND SERVICE PERFORMANCE DATA FILE PROCESSING COMMANDS # These commands are used to periodically process the host and # service performance data files. The interval at which the # processing occurs is determined by the options above. #host_perfdata_file_processing_command=process-host-perfdata-file #service_perfdata_file_processing_command=process-service-perfdata-file # HOST AND SERVICE PERFORMANCE DATA PROCESS EMPTY RESULTS # These options determine wether the core will process empty perfdata # results or not. This is needed for distributed monitoring, and intentionally # turned on by default. # If you don't require empty perfdata - saving some cpu cycles # on unwanted macro calculation - you can turn that off. Be careful! # Values: 1 = enable, 0 = disable #host_perfdata_process_empty_results=1 #service_perfdata_process_empty_results=1 # OBSESS OVER SERVICE CHECKS OPTION # This determines whether or not Nagios will obsess over service # checks and run the ocsp_command defined below. Unless you're # planning on implementing distributed monitoring, do not enable # this option. Read the HTML docs for more information on # implementing distributed monitoring. # Values: 1 = obsess over services, 0 = do not obsess (default) obsess_over_services=0 # OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE SERVICE PROCESSOR COMMAND # This is the command that is run for every service check that is # processed by Nagios. This command is executed only if the # obsess_over_services option (above) is set to 1. The command # argument is the short name of a command definition that you # define in your host configuration file. Read the HTML docs for # more information on implementing distributed monitoring. #ocsp_command=somecommand # OBSESS OVER HOST CHECKS OPTION # This determines whether or not Nagios will obsess over host # checks and run the ochp_command defined below. Unless you're # planning on implementing distributed monitoring, do not enable # this option. Read the HTML docs for more information on # implementing distributed monitoring. # Values: 1 = obsess over hosts, 0 = do not obsess (default) obsess_over_hosts=0 # OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE HOST PROCESSOR COMMAND # This is the command that is run for every host check that is # processed by Nagios. This command is executed only if the # obsess_over_hosts option (above) is set to 1. The command # argument is the short name of a command definition that you # define in your host configuration file. Read the HTML docs for # more information on implementing distributed monitoring. #ochp_command=somecommand # TRANSLATE PASSIVE HOST CHECKS OPTION # This determines whether or not Nagios will translate # DOWN/UNREACHABLE passive host check results into their proper # state for this instance of Nagios. This option is useful # if you have distributed or failover monitoring setup. In # these cases your other Nagios servers probably have a different # "view" of the network, with regards to the parent/child relationship # of hosts. If a distributed monitoring server thinks a host # is DOWN, it may actually be UNREACHABLE from the point of # this Nagios instance. Enabling this option will tell Nagios # to translate any DOWN or UNREACHABLE host states it receives # passively into the correct state from the view of this server. # Values: 1 = perform translation, 0 = do not translate (default) translate_passive_host_checks=0 # PASSIVE HOST CHECKS ARE SOFT OPTION # This determines whether or not Nagios will treat passive host # checks as being HARD or SOFT. By default, a passive host check # result will put a host into a HARD state type. This can be changed # by enabling this option. # Values: 0 = passive checks are HARD, 1 = passive checks are SOFT passive_host_checks_are_soft=0 # ORPHANED HOST/SERVICE CHECK OPTIONS # These options determine whether or not Nagios will periodically # check for orphaned host service checks. Since service checks are # not rescheduled until the results of their previous execution # instance are processed, there exists a possibility that some # checks may never get rescheduled. A similar situation exists for # host checks, although the exact scheduling details differ a bit # from service checks. Orphaned checks seem to be a rare # problem and should not happen under normal circumstances. # If you have problems with service checks never getting # rescheduled, make sure you have orphaned service checks enabled. # Values: 1 = enable checks, 0 = disable checks check_for_orphaned_services=1 check_for_orphaned_hosts=1 # SERVICE FRESHNESS CHECK OPTION # This option determines whether or not Nagios will periodically # check the "freshness" of service results. Enabling this option # is useful for ensuring passive checks are received in a timely # manner. # Values: 1 = enabled freshness checking, 0 = disable freshness checking check_service_freshness=1 # SERVICE FRESHNESS CHECK INTERVAL # This setting determines how often (in seconds) Nagios will # check the "freshness" of service check results. If you have # disabled service freshness checking, this option has no effect. service_freshness_check_interval=60 # SERVICE CHECK TIMEOUT STATE # This setting determines the state Nagios will report when a # service check times out - that is does not respond within # service_check_timeout seconds. This can be useful if a # machine is running at too high a load and you do not want # to consider a failed service check to be critical (the default). # Valid settings are: # c - Critical (default) # u - Unknown # w - Warning # o - OK service_check_timeout_state=c # HOST FRESHNESS CHECK OPTION # This option determines whether or not Nagios will periodically # check the "freshness" of host results. Enabling this option # is useful for ensuring passive checks are received in a timely # manner. # Values: 1 = enabled freshness checking, 0 = disable freshness checking check_host_freshness=0 # HOST FRESHNESS CHECK INTERVAL # This setting determines how often (in seconds) Nagios will # check the "freshness" of host check results. If you have # disabled host freshness checking, this option has no effect. host_freshness_check_interval=60 # ADDITIONAL FRESHNESS THRESHOLD LATENCY # This setting determines the number of seconds that Nagios # will add to any host and service freshness thresholds that # it calculates (those not explicitly specified by the user). additional_freshness_latency=15 # FLAP DETECTION OPTION # This option determines whether or not Nagios will try # and detect hosts and services that are "flapping". # Flapping occurs when a host or service changes between # states too frequently. When Nagios detects that a # host or service is flapping, it will temporarily suppress # notifications for that host/service until it stops # flapping. Flap detection is very experimental, so read # the HTML documentation before enabling this feature! # Values: 1 = enable flap detection # 0 = disable flap detection (default) enable_flap_detection=1 # FLAP DETECTION THRESHOLDS FOR HOSTS AND SERVICES # Read the HTML documentation on flap detection for # an explanation of what this option does. This option # has no effect if flap detection is disabled. low_service_flap_threshold=5.0 high_service_flap_threshold=20.0 low_host_flap_threshold=5.0 high_host_flap_threshold=20.0 # DATE FORMAT OPTION # This option determines how short dates are displayed. Valid options # include: # us (MM-DD-YYYY HH:MM:SS) # euro (DD-MM-YYYY HH:MM:SS) # iso8601 (YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS) # strict-iso8601 (YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS) # # Django : 2015-02-17 # default: date_format=us date_format=euro # TIMEZONE OFFSET # This option is used to override the default timezone that this # instance of Nagios runs in. If not specified, Nagios will use # the system configured timezone. # # NOTE: In order to display the correct timezone in the CGIs, you # will also need to alter the Apache directives for the CGI path # to include your timezone. Example: # # <Directory "/usr/local/nagios/sbin/"> # SetEnv TZ "Australia/Brisbane" # ... # </Directory> #use_timezone=US/Mountain #use_timezone=Australia/Brisbane # Django : 2015-02-17 # default: unset use_timezone=Europe/Berlin # ILLEGAL OBJECT NAME CHARACTERS # This option allows you to specify illegal characters that cannot # be used in host names, service descriptions, or names of other # object types. illegal_object_name_chars=`~!$%^&*|'"<>?,()= # ILLEGAL MACRO OUTPUT CHARACTERS # This option allows you to specify illegal characters that are # stripped from macros before being used in notifications, event # handlers, etc. This DOES NOT affect macros used in service or # host check commands. # The following macros are stripped of the characters you specify: # $HOSTOUTPUT$ # $HOSTPERFDATA$ # $HOSTACKAUTHOR$ # $HOSTACKCOMMENT$ # $SERVICEOUTPUT$ # $SERVICEPERFDATA$ # $SERVICEACKAUTHOR$ # $SERVICEACKCOMMENT$ illegal_macro_output_chars=`~$&|'"<> # REGULAR EXPRESSION MATCHING # This option controls whether or not regular expression matching # takes place in the object config files. Regular expression # matching is used to match host, hostgroup, service, and service # group names/descriptions in some fields of various object types. # Values: 1 = enable regexp matching, 0 = disable regexp matching use_regexp_matching=0 # "TRUE" REGULAR EXPRESSION MATCHING # This option controls whether or not "true" regular expression # matching takes place in the object config files. This option # only has an effect if regular expression matching is enabled # (see above). If this option is DISABLED, regular expression # matching only occurs if a string contains wildcard characters # (* and ?). If the option is ENABLED, regexp matching occurs # all the time (which can be annoying). # Values: 1 = enable true matching, 0 = disable true matching use_true_regexp_matching=0 # ADMINISTRATOR EMAIL/PAGER ADDRESSES # The email and pager address of a global administrator (likely you). # Nagios never uses these values itself, but you can access them by # using the $ADMINEMAIL$ and $ADMINPAGER$ macros in your notification # commands. # Django : 2015-02-17 # default: admin_email=nagios@localhost # admin_pager=pagenagios@localhost #admin_email=nagios@nausch.org #admin_pager=pagenagios@nausch.org admin_email="" admin_pager="" # DAEMON CORE DUMP OPTION # This option determines whether or not Nagios is allowed to create # a core dump when it runs as a daemon. Note that it is generally # considered bad form to allow this, but it may be useful for # debugging purposes. Enabling this option doesn't guarantee that # a core file will be produced, but that's just life... # Values: 1 - Allow core dumps # 0 - Do not allow core dumps (default) daemon_dumps_core=0 # LARGE INSTALLATION TWEAKS OPTION # This option determines whether or not Nagios will take some shortcuts # which can save on memory and CPU usage in large Nagios installations. # Read the documentation for more information on the benefits/tradeoffs # of enabling this option. # Values: 1 - Enabled tweaks # 0 - Disable tweaks (default) use_large_installation_tweaks=0 # ENABLE ENVIRONMENT MACROS # This option determines whether or not Nagios will make all standard # macros available as environment variables when host/service checks # and system commands (event handlers, notifications, etc.) are # executed. # Enabling this is a very bad idea for anything but very small setups, # as it means plugins, notification scripts and eventhandlers may run # out of environment space. It will also cause a significant increase # in CPU- and memory usage and drastically reduce the number of checks # you can run. # Values: 1 - Enable environment variable macros # 0 - Disable environment variable macros (default) enable_environment_macros=0 # CHILD PROCESS MEMORY OPTION # This option determines whether or not Nagios will free memory in # child processes (processed used to execute system commands and host/ # service checks). If you specify a value here, it will override # program defaults. # Value: 1 - Free memory in child processes # 0 - Do not free memory in child processes #free_child_process_memory=1 # CHILD PROCESS FORKING BEHAVIOR # This option determines how Nagios will fork child processes # (used to execute system commands and host/service checks). Normally # child processes are fork()ed twice, which provides a very high level # of isolation from problems. Fork()ing once is probably enough and will # save a great deal on CPU usage (in large installs), so you might # want to consider using this. If you specify a value here, it will # program defaults. # Value: 1 - Child processes fork() twice # 0 - Child processes fork() just once #child_processes_fork_twice=1 # DEBUG LEVEL # This option determines how much (if any) debugging information will # be written to the debug file. OR values together to log multiple # types of information. # Values: # -1 = Everything # 0 = Nothing # 1 = Functions # 2 = Configuration # 4 = Process information # 8 = Scheduled events # 16 = Host/service checks # 32 = Notifications # 64 = Event broker # 128 = External commands # 256 = Commands # 512 = Scheduled downtime # 1024 = Comments # 2048 = Macros debug_level=0 # DEBUG VERBOSITY # This option determines how verbose the debug log out will be. # Values: 0 = Brief output # 1 = More detailed # 2 = Very detailed debug_verbosity=1 # DEBUG FILE # This option determines where Nagios should write debugging information. debug_file=/var/log/nagios/nagios.debug # MAX DEBUG FILE SIZE # This option determines the maximum size (in bytes) of the debug file. If # the file grows larger than this size, it will be renamed with a .old # extension. If a file already exists with a .old extension it will # automatically be deleted. This helps ensure your disk space usage doesn't # get out of control when debugging Nagios. max_debug_file_size=1000000 # Should we allow hostgroups to have no hosts, we default this to off since # that was the old behavior allow_empty_hostgroup_assignment=0 # Normally worker count is dynamically allocated based on 1.5 * number of cpu's # with a minimum of 4 workers. This value will override the defaults #check_workers=3 # EXPERIMENTAL load controlling options # To get current defaults based on your system issue a command to # the query handler. Please note that this is an experimental feature # and not meant for production use. Used incorrectly it can induce # enormous latency. # #core loadctl # jobs_max - The maximum amount of jobs to run at one time # jobs_min - The minimum amount of jobs to run at one time # jobs_limit - The maximum amount of jobs the current load lets us run # backoff_limit - The minimum backoff_change # backoff_change - # of jobs to remove from jobs_limit when backing off # rampup_limit - Minimum rampup_change # rampup_change - # of jobs to add to jobs_limit when ramping up # NOTE: The backoff_limit and rampup_limit are NOT used by anything currently, # so if your system is under load nothing will actively modify the jobs # even if you have these options enabled, they are for external # connector information only. However, if you change the jobs_max or # jobs_min manually here or through the query handler interface that # WILL affect your system #loadctl_options=jobs_max=100;backoff_limit=10;rampup_change=5
Definition CONTACT
Damit unser Admin Django über Statusänderungen auch per eMail informiert werden kann, definieren wir uns ein entsprechendes Objekt im Verzeichnis /etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org/contact/.
# vim /etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org/contact/object_contact_django.cfg
- /etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org/contact/object_contact_django.cfg
define contact{ contact_name django alias Michael Nausch use generic-contact email django@nausch.org address2 0900 2255-352646 can_submit_commands 1 }
Definition HOST
Um einen einzelnen Server zu monitoren legen wir uns eine Datei im Verzeichnis /etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org/hosts/dmz/ mit den Details zum Server an.
# vim /etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org/hosts/dmz/vml000067.cfg
- /etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org/hosts/dmz/vml000067.cfg
define host{ use linux-virtualserver ; Name of host template to use host_name vml000067 alias amavis address 10.0.0.67 notes_url http://dokuwiki.nausch.org/doku.php/centos:mail_c7:spam_6 }
Definition HOST-GRUPPE
Einzelne Server gruppieren wir entsprechend ihrem Einsatzzweck bzw. ihres Aufstellungsortes.
# vim /etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org/hostgroups/dmz/hostgroups_dmz.nausch.org.cfg
- /etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org/hostgroups/dmz/hostgroups_dmz.nausch.org.cfg
# Django : 2013-12-07 # Alle Hosts der DMZ define hostgroup { hostgroup_name dmz.nausch.org alias DMZ members vml000010, vml000067, vml000077, vml000087 }
Definition NRPE
Damit unser Nagios-Server auf dem Remote-System auch entsprechende Checks anstoßen kann, bedarf es der Konfiguration des NRPE1).
# vim /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg
- /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg
############################################################################# # Sample NRPE Config File # Written by: Ethan Galstad (nagios@nagios.org) # # Last Modified: 11-23-2007 # # NOTES: # This is a sample configuration file for the NRPE daemon. It needs to be # located on the remote host that is running the NRPE daemon, not the host # from which the check_nrpe client is being executed. ############################################################################# # LOG FACILITY # The syslog facility that should be used for logging purposes. log_facility=daemon # PID FILE # The name of the file in which the NRPE daemon should write it's process ID # number. The file is only written if the NRPE daemon is started by the root # user and is running in standalone mode. pid_file=/var/run/nrpe/nrpe.pid # PORT NUMBER # Port number we should wait for connections on. # NOTE: This must be a non-priviledged port (i.e. > 1024). # NOTE: This option is ignored if NRPE is running under either inetd or xinetd server_port=5666 # SERVER ADDRESS # Address that nrpe should bind to in case there are more than one interface # and you do not want nrpe to bind on all interfaces. # NOTE: This option is ignored if NRPE is running under either inetd or xinetd # Django : 2015-01-27 # default: #server_address=127.0.0.1 server_address=10.0.0.67 # NRPE USER # This determines the effective user that the NRPE daemon should run as. # You can either supply a username or a UID. # # NOTE: This option is ignored if NRPE is running under either inetd or xinetd nrpe_user=nrpe # NRPE GROUP # This determines the effective group that the NRPE daemon should run as. # You can either supply a group name or a GID. # # NOTE: This option is ignored if NRPE is running under either inetd or xinetd nrpe_group=nrpe # ALLOWED HOST ADDRESSES # This is an optional comma-delimited list of IP address or hostnames # that are allowed to talk to the NRPE daemon. Network addresses with a bit mask # (i.e. 192.168.1.0/24) are also supported. Hostname wildcards are not currently # supported. # # Note: The daemon only does rudimentary checking of the client's IP # address. I would highly recommend adding entries in your /etc/hosts.allow # file to allow only the specified host to connect to the port # you are running this daemon on. # # NOTE: This option is ignored if NRPE is running under either inetd or xinetd # Django : 2015-01-27 # default: allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1 allowed_hosts=10.0.0.127 # COMMAND ARGUMENT PROCESSING # This option determines whether or not the NRPE daemon will allow clients # to specify arguments to commands that are executed. This option only works # if the daemon was configured with the --enable-command-args configure script # option. # # *** ENABLING THIS OPTION IS A SECURITY RISK! *** # Read the SECURITY file for information on some of the security implications # of enabling this variable. # # Values: 0=do not allow arguments, 1=allow command arguments dont_blame_nrpe=0 # BASH COMMAND SUBTITUTION # This option determines whether or not the NRPE daemon will allow clients # to specify arguments that contain bash command substitutions of the form # $(...). This option only works if the daemon was configured with both # the --enable-command-args and --enable-bash-command-substitution configure # script options. # # *** ENABLING THIS OPTION IS A HIGH SECURITY RISK! *** # Read the SECURITY file for information on some of the security implications # of enabling this variable. # # Values: 0=do not allow bash command substitutions, # 1=allow bash command substitutions allow_bash_command_substitution=0 # COMMAND PREFIX # This option allows you to prefix all commands with a user-defined string. # A space is automatically added between the specified prefix string and the # command line from the command definition. # # *** THIS EXAMPLE MAY POSE A POTENTIAL SECURITY RISK, SO USE WITH CAUTION! *** # Usage scenario: # Execute restricted commmands using sudo. For this to work, you need to add # the nagios user to your /etc/sudoers. An example entry for alllowing # execution of the plugins from might be: # # nagios ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/ # # This lets the nagios user run all commands in that directory (and only them) # without asking for a password. If you do this, make sure you don't give # random users write access to that directory or its contents! # command_prefix=/usr/bin/sudo # DEBUGGING OPTION # This option determines whether or not debugging messages are logged to the # syslog facility. # Values: 0=debugging off, 1=debugging on debug=0 # COMMAND TIMEOUT # This specifies the maximum number of seconds that the NRPE daemon will # allow plugins to finish executing before killing them off. command_timeout=60 # CONNECTION TIMEOUT # This specifies the maximum number of seconds that the NRPE daemon will # wait for a connection to be established before exiting. This is sometimes # seen where a network problem stops the SSL being established even though # all network sessions are connected. This causes the nrpe daemons to # accumulate, eating system resources. Do not set this too low. connection_timeout=300 # WEEK RANDOM SEED OPTION # This directive allows you to use SSL even if your system does not have # a /dev/random or /dev/urandom (on purpose or because the necessary patches # were not applied). The random number generator will be seeded from a file # which is either a file pointed to by the environment valiable $RANDFILE # or $HOME/.rnd. If neither exists, the pseudo random number generator will # be initialized and a warning will be issued. # Values: 0=only seed from /dev/[u]random, 1=also seed from weak randomness #allow_weak_random_seed=1 # INCLUDE CONFIG FILE # This directive allows you to include definitions from an external config file. #include=<somefile.cfg> # COMMAND DEFINITIONS # Command definitions that this daemon will run. Definitions # are in the following format: # # command[<command_name>]=<command_line> # # When the daemon receives a request to return the results of <command_name> # it will execute the command specified by the <command_line> argument. # # Unlike Nagios, the command line cannot contain macros - it must be # typed exactly as it should be executed. # # Note: Any plugins that are used in the command lines must reside # on the machine that this daemon is running on! The examples below # assume that you have plugins installed in a /usr/local/nagios/libexec # directory. Also note that you will have to modify the definitions below # to match the argument format the plugins expect. Remember, these are # examples only! # The following examples use hardcoded command arguments... # Django : 2015-01-27 # allgemeiner Host-Teil command[check_tcp_5666]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_tcp -H 10.0.0.67 -p 5666 command[check_users]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_users -w 5 -c 10 command[check_load]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20 command[check_fs_boot]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /boot command[check_fs_root]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p / command[check_fs_varlog]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /var/log command[check_fs_ramdisk_sudo]=/usr/bin/sudo /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /var/spool/amavisd/tmp command[check_swap]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_swap -w 50% -c 25% command[check_updates]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_updates -w 1 -c 5 command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z command[check_total_procs]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_procs -w 175 -c 225 command[check_running_iptables]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_iptables_status -T INPUT -r 95 command[check_if_traffic_eth0]=/usr/bin/sudo /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_if_traffic -v 3 -U nagios -P KI/3Db+MIgeqaF0DSg3iyXNBbVY -H 127.0.0.1 -B -b 100 -u m -i eth0 command[check_crond]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_running -p 'crond' # Mailserver spezifische Test command[check_running_postfix]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_running -p 'postfix' command[check_running_amavisd]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_running -p 'amavisd' command[check_running_clamd]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_running -p 'clamd' command[check_clamav]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_clamav -w 3 -c 4 command[check_tcp_25]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_tcp -H 127.0.0.1 -p 25 command[check_tcp_783]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_tcp -H 127.0.0.1 -p 783 command[check_tcp_8899]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_tcp -H 10.0.0.67 -p 8899 command[check_tcp_9998]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_tcp -H 127.0.0.1 -p 9998 command[check_tcp_10024]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_tcp -H 10.0.0.67 -p 10024 command[check_sending_mail_10024]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_smtp -H 127.0.0.1 -C -p 10024 -4 -F vml000020.dmz.nausch.org 'helo vml000020.dmz.nausch.org' -R '250 OK' -C 'mail from: weather@vml000020.dmz.nausch.org' -R '250 OK' -C 'rcpt to:<wetterstation-pliening@lists.nausch.org>' -R '250 OK' command[check_sending_mail_10025]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_smtp -H 10.0.0.87 -C -p 10025 -4 -F vml000020.dmz.nausch.org 'helo vml000020.dmz.nausch.org' -R '250 OK' -C 'mail from: weather@vml000020.dmz.nausch.org' -R '250 OK' -C 'rcpt to:<wetterstation-pliening@lists.nausch.org>' -R '250 OK' # The following examples allow user-supplied arguments and can # only be used if the NRPE daemon was compiled with support for # command arguments *AND* the dont_blame_nrpe directive in this # config file is set to '1'. This poses a potential security risk, so # make sure you read the SECURITY file before doing this. #command[check_users]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_users -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ #command[check_load]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_load -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ #command[check_disk]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ -p $ARG3$ #command[check_procs]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_procs -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ -s $ARG3$ # INCLUDE CONFIG DIRECTORY # This directive allows you to include definitions from config files (with a # .cfg extension) in one or more directories (with recursion). include_dir=/etc/nrpe.d/
Definition SERVICE
Für jeden Check benötigen wir nun noch eine Definitionsdatei im Verzeichnis /etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org/services/. Zur Überwachung des Netzwerktraffics auf dem Netzwerkinterface eth0 legen wir uns eine zugehörige Datei an.
# vim /etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org/services/check_if_traffic_eth0.cfg
- /etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org/services/check_if_traffic_eth0.cfg
define service{ use generic-service hostgroup_name dmz.nausch.org #servicegroups foo service_description System: Netzwerk-Traffic eth0 check_command check_nrpe!check_if_traffic_eth0 }
Definition SERVICEGROUP
Betrachtet man einen Dienst wie z.B. eMail so wird man sehr schnell feststellen, dass zum „Erbringen des Dienstes eMail“ viele einzelne Glieder/Dienste in der Verarbeitungskette benötigt werden. Mit Hilfe von Servicegroups lassen sich diese Kettenglieder sehr schön und einfach gruppieren.
# vim /etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org/servicegroups/servicegroup_mail.cfg
- /etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org/servicegroups/servicegroup_mail.cfg
define servicegroup { servicegroup_name mail alias Mail-Server }
Damit nun bei den einzelnen Services die zugehörige Servicegroup herangezogen wird, tragen wir diese in der Definitionsdatei des Services ein. Das nachfolgende Beispiel zeigt exemplarisch die Überwachungskonfigurationsdatei des Postfix-Daemon.
# vim /etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org/services/check_running_postfix.cfg
- /etc/nagios/objects/nausch.org/services/check_running_postfix.cfg
define service{ use generic-service host_name vml000067, vml000077, vml000087 #hostgroup_name dmz.nausch.org servicegroups mail service_description MX: Postfix Daemon check_command check_nrpe!check_running_postfix }
In der Servicegruppe mail wird also geprüft ob auf den drei Servern der Postfix-Daemon läuft.
Konfigurations-Überprüfung
Bevor wir nach einer Änderung oder Erweiterung unserer Server- und Service-Überwachung mit einem reload des Nagios-Daemon aktivieren führen wir noch eine Überprüfung unserer Definitionen durch.
# nagios -pv /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg
Nagios Core 4.0.8
Copyright (c) 2009-present Nagios Core Development Team and Community Contributors
Copyright (c) 1999-2009 Ethan Galstad
Last Modified: 08-12-2014
License: GPL
Website: http://www.nagios.org
Reading configuration data...
Read main config file okay...
Read object config files okay...
Running pre-flight check on configuration data...
Checking objects...
Checked 522 services.
Checked 26 hosts.
Checked 6 host groups.
Checked 16 service groups.
Checked 6 contacts.
Checked 2 contact groups.
Checked 28 commands.
Checked 5 time periods.
Checked 0 host escalations.
Checked 0 service escalations.
Checking for circular paths...
Checked 26 hosts
Checked 0 service dependencies
Checked 0 host dependencies
Checked 5 timeperiods
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check
Object precache file created:
/var/spool/nagios/objects.precache
Da alles in Ordnung ist können wir nun ohne großen Bedenken den Reload des nagios-Daemon durchführen.
# systemctl reload nagios
Tippfaule Admins fassen die Überprüfen und den Reload in einen Aufruf zusammen, indem dieser durch && getrennt wurden. Der zweite Aufruf wird damit nur aufgerufen, sofern der erste ohne Fehlermeldung beendet wurde.
# nagios -pv /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg && systemctl reload nagios
Trat ein Fehler auf, können wir diesen erst beseitigen und den Daemon anschließend erneut testen und reloaden. Rufen wir anschließend das Nagios-Webfrontend erneut auf, werden unsere Server und Dienste entsprechend zur Anzeige gebracht, in dem man mit einem Klick auf die zugehörigen Menüpunkt am linken Bildschirmrand klickt.
Links
1)
NagiosRemotePluginExecutor
127.0.0.1