Nächste Überarbeitung | Vorhergehende Überarbeitung |
linux:kea [22.02.2024 12:45. ] – angelegt django | linux:kea [02.03.2024 21:50. ] (aktuell) – [DHCPv4 Server] django |
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====== DHCPv4|v6-Server mit kea unter Arch Linux einrichten und nutzen ====== | ====== DHCPv4|v6-Server mit DHCP ISC Kea unter Arch Linux einrichten und nutzen ====== |
<WRAP center round tip 45%> | <WRAP center round tip 45%> |
:GO: **//under construction//** - an dem Artikel wird __gerade__ gefeilt ... **//coming soon//**! :GO: | :GO: **//under construction//** - an dem Artikel wird __gerade__ gefeilt ... **//coming soon//**! :GO: |
</WRAP> | </WRAP> |
| |
| {{:linux:kea-logo-200.png?nolink&100 |Bild: Logo des DHCP ISC Kea }} Zum Einsatz in unserer Umgebung wird der Kea DHCP-Server kommen, der Nachfolger des **[[https://www.isc.org/dhcp/|ISC DHCP Servers]]** der Ende 2022 das Ende seines Lebenszyklus erreichte und nicht weiterentwickelt wurde. Das Nachfolgeprodukt ist nun der **[[https://www.isc.org/kea/|moderne Open Source DHCPv4 & DHCPv6 Server Kea]]**. |
| |
| Im wesentlichen unterscheidet sich **Kea** von seinem Vorgänger unter anderem durch sein modulares Komponentenbasierenden Design, welches mit sog. Hooks-Modulen leicht erweiterbar ist. Kea stellt einzelne Daemons zur Verfügung die entweder gemeinsam oder auch getrennt genutzt werden können. So enthält Kea einen Daemon für einen DHCPv4-Server, einen DHCPv6-Server und ein dynamisches Modul für DNS. Die [[#konfiguration|Konfiguration]] des Kea-Servers erfolgt mit Hilfe einer JSON-Konfigurationsdatei. Mit Hilfe der REST-API können zur Laufzeit jederzeit während des Betriebs Änderungen des Daemons vorgenommen werden, ohne dass der Daemon neu gestartet werden muss. Optional kann beim Kea Server auch ein WEB-UI ein grafisches Dashboard genutzt werden zur Überwachung mehrerer Kea-Instanzen. Neben der Dateibasierenden Variante können die ganzen Konfigurationsoptionen auch optional in einer PostgreSQL oder Maria-mySQL-Datenbank vorgehalten werden. |
| |
| In der nachfolgenden WIKI-Artikel wollen wir uns nun eingehender mit der Installation und Konfiguration unseres Kea DHCP Servers für für DHCPv4 und DHCPv6 beschäftigen. In dem Konfigurationsbeispiel wird dem Kea-Daemon die Verwaltung und Verteilung der Intranet-Adressen der Zone **''intra.nausch.org''** übertragen. Dieses Subnetz umfasst nachfolgende Adressbereiche - zum besseren Verständnis sind in der Tabelle auch exemplarische zwei Hosts mit den entsprechenden Adressen vermerkt: |
| |
| |< 100% 5% 8% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% >| |
| ^ Subnetz \\ (ID) ^ Subnetz \\ (Use) ^ Subnetz Addresse \\ - ^ Host Address-Range \\ (global Unicast) ^ Host\\ - ^ IPv4\\ - ^ Link-Local-Scope\\ - ^ Site-Local-Scope\\ - ^ Global-Scope\\ - ^ |
| | **7** | Intra | 2003:a:e0d:760**7**::/64 | 2003:a:e0d:760**7**:: | | | | | | |
| | | | | | //pml010102// | ''10.0.10.102'' | ''fd00::7:10:0:10:102'' | ''fe80::7:10:ff:fe10:102'' | ''2003:a:e0d:7607:10:0:10:102'' | |
| | | | | | //vml010110// | ''10.0.10.110'' | ''fd00::7:10:0:10:110'' | ''fe80::7:10:ff:fe10:110'' | ''2003:a:e0d:7607:10:0:10:110'' | |
| |
| |
| |
| ===== Grundsätzliches ===== |
| |
| FIXME |
| |
| /* |
| Für die Zuweisung der Netzwerkkonfiguration an den Klienten durch unseren Server bedienen wir uns des DHCP((**D**ynamic **H**ost **C**onfiguration **P**rotocol)), DHCP ist eine //Ergänzung und Erweiterung// von BOOTP((Bootstrap Protocol)). DHCP wurde im **[[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2131|RFC 2131]]** definiert und bekam von der Internet Assigned Numbers Authority die beiden UDP-Ports 67 und 68 zugewiesen. |
| |
| Mittels DHCP ist die automatische Einbindung eines neuen Klienten in unser bestehendes Netzwerk ohne große manuelle Konfiguration möglich. Am Klient muss daher nur der automatische Bezug der IP-Adresse eingestellt sein. Beim Start des Klienten am Netz kann dieser die IP-Adresse, die Netzmaske, das Gateway, DNS-Server und weitere Konfigurationsparameter vom DHCP-Server beziehen. Neben diesen klassischen Parametern zählen hierzu auch die Verwendung einer Reihe von weiteren IP-Variablen, wie z.B.: X-Display- , Time-, Swap-, NIS-Server und die Unterstützung von Vendor-Code-Identifiern zum Einsatz im Bereich PXE((**P**reboot e**X**ecution **E**nvironment)) finden. |
| |
| Beim Starten eines Klienten frägt dieser über einen Broadcast im gesamten Netzwerk nach (s)einer IP-Adresse. Als Antwort auf seinen Broadcast erhält er die beiden wichtigsten Parameter: |
| * IP-Adresse |
| * Lease-Time |
| Darüber hinaus können optional noch weitere Parameter mit übergeben werden, wie z.B.: |
| * Default-Route |
| * Netzmaske |
| * DNS-Server-Adressen |
| * WINS-Server |
| * Broadcast-Adresse |
| * IP-Varialen |
| * sowie noch weitere Parameter |
| |
| */ |
| |
| ===== DHCPv4-Adressvergabe ===== |
| |
| FIXME |
| |
| Der grundsätzliche Ablauf bei der Adress-Anfrage folgt dabei folgendem Schema. Die Kommunikation zwischen dem Server (Port 67) und dem Klienten (Port 68) erfolgte mittels UPD((**U**nreliable **D**atagram **P**rotocol)). |
| |
| Beim Booten des Klienten frägt dieser mit einer //**DHCPDISCOVER**-Nachricht// via Broadcast nach seiner Konfiguration. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt besitzt er noch keine eigene IP-Adresse und er kennt auch noch nicht, in welchem Netz er sich befindet. Lediglich seine MAC((**M**edia **A**ccess **C**ontrol))-Adresse seines Netzwerkinterfaces ist ihm bekannt. Aus diesem Grund sendet er ein Broadcastpaket mit der Quelladresse 0.0.0.0 und an die Zieladresse 255.255.255.255. |
| |
| {{ :centos:dhcp_1.png?300 |1. Stufe der DHCP-Adressanfrage - DHCPDISCOVER}} |
| |
| Sep 12 21:34:12 nss dhcpd: DHCPDISCOVER from 00:04:13:23:3f:b5 via eth0 |
| Dieses Broadcast-Paket beantwortet nun der DHCP-Server mit einer //**DHCPOFFER**-Nachricht//. Das Antwortpaket beinhaltet bereits als Zieladresse die IP, welche der Klient in Zukunft bekommen soll. Da bei der vorherigen Anfrage des Klienten, dieser seine eigene MAC-Adresse mitschickte, kann nun auf diese Weise die DHCPOFFER-Nachricht ihr Ziel finden. |
| |
| {{ :centos:dhcp_2.png?300 |2. Stufe der DHCP-Adressanfrage - DHCPOFFER}} |
| |
| Sep 12 21:34:12 nss dhcpd: DHCPOFFER on 192.168.10.61 to 00:04:13:23:3f:b5 via eth0 |
| Der Klient hat also vom DHCP-Server ein sogenanntes Angebot (//offer//) bekommen und entscheidet nun, ob es für ihn so in Ordnung ist. Trifft dies zu, sendet er eine //**DHCPREQUEST**-Nachricht//, an den DHCP-Server um diesen mitzuteilen, daß er diese Konfiguration nutzen will. |
| |
| {{ :centos:dhcp_3.png |3. Stufe der DHCP-Adressanfrage - DHCPREQUEST}} |
| |
| Sep 12 21:34:12 nss dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.10.61 (192.168.10.1) from 00:04:13:23:3f:b5 via eth0 |
| Der DHCP-Server bestätigt dies und sendet eine //**DHCPACK**-Nachricht//, somit besitzt der Klient nun seine eigene IP-Adresse und kennt ggf. noch weitere Parameter für seine weitere Netzwerkkommunkation. |
| |
| {{ :centos:dhcp_4.png |3. Stufe der DHCP-Adressanfrage - DHCPACK}} |
| |
| Sep 12 21:34:12 nss dhcpd: DHCPACK on 192.168.10.61 to 00:04:13:23:3f:b5 via eth0 |
| Der gesamte erfolgreiche Ablauf aus Sicht des DHCP-Servers entspricht folgendem Diagramm. |
| <uml> |
| |
| title erfolgreiche Ablauf aus Sicht des DHCP-Servers\n |
| |
| participant "\n DHCP - SERVER \n" as links |
| participant "\n Client \n" as rechts |
| |
| |
| |
| links <-- rechts : (Port 67) DHCPDISCOVER |
| note right : DHCPDISCOVER mit \nMAC 00:04:13:23:3f:b5 |
| links -> rechts : DHCPOFFER (Port 68) |
| note left : DHCPOFFER mit Angabe \nder IP 192.168.10.61 \nan MAC 00:04:13:23:3f:b5 |
| links <-- rechts : (Port 67) DHCPREQUEST |
| note right : DHCPREQUEST mit Angabe \nder IP 192.168.10.61 \nund MAC 00:04:13:23:3f:b5 |
| links -> rechts : DHCPACK (Port 68) |
| note left : DHCPACK mit Angabe \nder IP 192.168.10.61 \nund der MAC 00:04:13:23:3f:b5 |
| |
| </uml> |
| |
| |
| |
| Im **syslog** des DHCP-Servers wird der Ablauf wie folgt festgehalten: |
| <code>Sep 12 21:34:12 nss dhcpd: DHCPDISCOVER from 00:04:13:23:3f:b5 via eth0 |
| Sep 12 21:34:12 nss dhcpd: DHCPOFFER on 192.168.10.61 to 00:04:13:23:3f:b5 via eth0 |
| Sep 12 21:34:12 nss dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.10.61 (192.168.10.1) from 00:04:13:23:3f:b5 via eth0 |
| Sep 12 21:34:12 nss dhcpd: DHCPACK on 192.168.10.61 to 00:04:13:23:3f:b5 via eth0</code> |
| Sollte die ganze Prozedur Fehl schlagen, z.B. weil der Klient herausgefunden hat, daß die IP-Adresse doppelt vergeben ist, sendet er eine //**DHCPDECLINE**-Nachricht// an der Server. Im Falle einer DHCPDECLINE-Nachricht, sperrt der Server die Adresse für die interne Vergabe und die gesamte Vergabeprozedur beginnt erneut von vorne. |
| |
| Zusammen mit seiner IP-Adresse erhält der Klient in der DHCPACK-Nachricht auch eine Lease-Time mitgeteilt, welche ihm mitteilt, wie lange die IP-Adresse für ihn reserviert ist. Im RFC Standard wurde definiert, daß der Klient nach der Hälfte der Lease-Time einen erneuten DHCPREQUEST sendet. So teilt er dem Server mit, daß er weiterhin die für ihn reservierte IP-Adresse behalten möchte. Nach Erhalt dieser Nachricht sendet der DHCP-Server eine identische DHCPACK-Nachricht an den Client zurück, in der dann die aktuelle neue Lease-Time mitgeteilt wird. Die IP-Adresse ist somit verlängert und der DCHP-Refresh ist komplett. Sollte der Klient es versäumen eine Verlängerung zu beantragen, muss er die Konfiguration des Netzwerkinterfaces verwerfen und der DHCP-Request startet erneut mit einer DHCPDISCOVER-Nachricht. |
| |
| Beim Herunterfahren eines Klienten kann dieser dem Server mit einer //**DHCPRELEASE**-Nachricht// den Server informieren, damit dieser die Adresse wieder freigeben kann. |
| Sep 12 21:58:17 nss dhcpd: DHCPRELEASE of 192.168.10.238 from 00:17:a4:7d:26:1a (hpc6180) via eth0 (found) |
| Der Klient hat aber auch die Möglichkeit, seine zuletzt zugewiesene IP-Adresse über den Reboot hinweg zu "merken". Dies kann z.B. dann der Fall sein, wenn die Lease-Time, noch nicht abgelaufen ist, oder dem Klienten eine feste IP-Adresse zugeteilt wurde. |
| Dann entfallen die Initialisierungsschritte und der Klient schickt direkt eine //**DHCPREQUEST**-Nachricht// an den DHCP-Server. Dieser bestätigt entweder die Anfrage oder sendet eine //**DHCPNAK**-Nachricht// um dem Klienten mitzuteilen, daß dieser seine gespeicherten Konfigurationen zu löschen, und die Anfrage komplett von vorne zu beginnen hat. |
| Sep 12 22:01:13 nss dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.10.15 from 00:17:a4:7d:26:1a via eth0 |
| Sep 12 22:01:13 nss dhcpd: DHCPACK on 192.168.10.15 to 00:17:a4:7d:26:1a via eth0 |
| |
| ===== DHCPv6-Adressvergabe ===== |
| t.b.d. |
| |
| FIXME |
| |
| ===== Installation ===== |
| Die Installation und Konfiguration des DHCP-Servers gestaltet sich relativ einfach. Bei der Installation des Kea-Paketes verwenden wir unter **[[https://archlinux.org/|Arch Linux]]** den Paketmanager **''pacman''**. |
| - Als User: <code> $ sudo pacman -S kea</code> |
| - Als Nutzer mit Root-Rechten entsprechend: <code> # pacman -S kea</code> |
| |
| ===== Paketinhalt ===== |
| Was uns das Paket **kea** alles in das System unseres Arch Linux Server gebracht hat, können wir wie folgt abfragen: |
| # pacman -Qil kea |
| |
| ++++ Paketinhalte | |
| <code>Name : kea |
| Version : 2.4.1-1 |
| Description : High-performance, extensible DHCP server engine from ISC, supporting both DHCPv4 and DHCPv6 |
| Architecture : x86_64 |
| URL : https://kea.isc.org |
| Licenses : MPL2 |
| Groups : None |
| Provides : None |
| Depends On : log4cplus mariadb-libs openssl postgresql-libs |
| Optional Deps : mariadb: lease information database |
| postgresql: lease information database |
| python: to use kea-shell [installed] |
| krb5: Kerberos support [installed] |
| kea-docs: user and developer documentation |
| Required By : None |
| Optional For : None |
| Conflicts With : None |
| Replaces : None |
| Installed Size : 22.61 MiB |
| Packager : Robin Candau <antiz@archlinux.org> |
| Build Date : Tue 28 Nov 2023 05:52:25 PM CET |
| Install Date : Sat 02 Mar 2024 08:35:27 PM CET |
| Install Reason : Explicitly installed |
| Install Script : No |
| Validated By : Signature |
| |
| kea /etc/ |
| kea /etc/kea/ |
| kea /etc/kea/kea-ctrl-agent.conf |
| kea /etc/kea/kea-dhcp-ddns.conf |
| kea /etc/kea/kea-dhcp4.conf |
| kea /etc/kea/kea-dhcp6.conf |
| kea /etc/kea/keactrl.conf |
| kea /usr/ |
| kea /usr/bin/ |
| kea /usr/bin/kea-admin |
| kea /usr/bin/kea-ctrl-agent |
| kea /usr/bin/kea-dhcp-ddns |
| kea /usr/bin/kea-dhcp4 |
| kea /usr/bin/kea-dhcp6 |
| kea /usr/bin/kea-lfc |
| kea /usr/bin/kea-msg-compiler |
| kea /usr/bin/kea-shell |
| kea /usr/bin/keactrl |
| kea /usr/bin/perfdhcp |
| kea /usr/include/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiodns/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiodns/asiodns_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiodns/io_fetch.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiodns/logger.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/addr_utilities.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/asio_wrapper.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/asiolink.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/botan_boost_tls.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/botan_boost_wrapper.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/botan_tls.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/common_tls.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/crypto_tls.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/dummy_io_cb.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/interval_timer.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/io_acceptor.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/io_address.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/io_asio_socket.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/io_endpoint.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/io_error.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/io_service.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/io_service_signal.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/io_service_thread_pool.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/io_socket.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/openssl_tls.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/process_spawn.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/tcp_acceptor.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/tcp_endpoint.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/tcp_socket.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/tls_acceptor.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/tls_socket.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/udp_endpoint.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/udp_socket.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/unix_domain_socket.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/unix_domain_socket_acceptor.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/asiolink/unix_domain_socket_endpoint.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cc/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cc/base_stamped_element.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cc/cfg_to_element.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cc/command_interpreter.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cc/data.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cc/dhcp_config_error.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cc/element_value.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cc/json_feed.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cc/server_tag.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cc/simple_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cc/stamped_element.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cc/stamped_value.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cc/user_context.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cfgrpt/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cfgrpt/config_report.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/config.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/config/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/config/base_command_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/config/client_connection.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/config/cmds_impl.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/config/command_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/config/config_log.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/config/config_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/config/hooked_command_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/config/timeouts.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/config_backend/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/config_backend/base_config_backend.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/config_backend/base_config_backend_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/config_backend/base_config_backend_pool.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/config_backend/constants.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cryptolink/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cryptolink/crypto_hash.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cryptolink/crypto_hmac.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cryptolink/crypto_rng.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cryptolink/cryptolink.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cryptolink/openssl_common.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/cryptolink/openssl_compat.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/d2srv/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/d2srv/d2_cfg_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/d2srv/d2_config.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/d2srv/d2_log.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/d2srv/d2_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/d2srv/d2_simple_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/database/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/database/audit_entry.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/database/backend_selector.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/database/database_connection.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/database/db_exceptions.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/database/db_log.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/database/db_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/database/dbaccess_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/database/server.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/database/server_collection.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/database/server_selector.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/classify.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/dhcp4.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/dhcp6.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/docsis3_option_defs.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/duid.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/duid_factory.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/hwaddr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/iface_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/iface_mgr_error_handler.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/libdhcp++.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/opaque_data_tuple.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option4_addrlst.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option4_client_fqdn.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option6_addrlst.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option6_auth.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option6_client_fqdn.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option6_ia.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option6_iaaddr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option6_iaprefix.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option6_pdexclude.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option6_status_code.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option_custom.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option_data_types.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option_definition.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option_int.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option_int_array.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option_opaque_data_tuples.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option_space.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option_space_container.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option_string.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option_vendor.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/option_vendor_class.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/packet_queue.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/packet_queue_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/packet_queue_mgr4.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/packet_queue_mgr6.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/packet_queue_ring.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/pkt.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/pkt4.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/pkt4o6.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/pkt6.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/pkt_filter.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/pkt_filter6.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/pkt_filter_inet.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/pkt_filter_inet6.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/pkt_filter_lpf.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/pkt_template.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/protocol_util.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/socket_info.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp/std_option_defs.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp_ddns/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp_ddns/dhcp_ddns_log.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp_ddns/dhcp_ddns_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp_ddns/ncr_io.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp_ddns/ncr_msg.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcp_ddns/ncr_udp.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/alloc_engine.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/alloc_engine_log.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/alloc_engine_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/allocation_state.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/allocator.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/base_host_data_source.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cache_host_data_source.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/callout_handle_store.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cb_ctl_dhcp.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cb_ctl_dhcp4.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cb_ctl_dhcp6.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_4o6.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_consistency.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_db_access.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_duid.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_expiration.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_globals.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_host_operations.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_hosts.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_hosts_util.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_iface.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_mac_source.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_multi_threading.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_option.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_option_def.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_rsoo.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_shared_networks.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_subnets4.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfg_subnets6.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/cfgmgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/client_class_def.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/config_backend_dhcp4.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/config_backend_dhcp4_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/config_backend_dhcp6.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/config_backend_dhcp6_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/config_backend_pool_dhcp4.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/config_backend_pool_dhcp6.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/csv_lease_file4.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/csv_lease_file6.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/d2_client_cfg.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/d2_client_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/db_type.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/dhcp4o6_ipc.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/dhcpsrv_exceptions.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/dhcpsrv_log.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/dhcpsrv_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/flq_allocation_state.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/flq_allocator.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/host.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/host_container.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/host_data_source_factory.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/host_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/hosts_log.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/hosts_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/ip_range.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/ip_range_permutation.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/iterative_allocation_state.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/iterative_allocator.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/key_from_key.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/lease.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/lease_file_loader.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/lease_file_stats.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/lease_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/lease_mgr_factory.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/memfile_lease_limits.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/memfile_lease_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/memfile_lease_storage.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/mysql_host_data_source.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/mysql_lease_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/ncr_generator.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/network.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/network_state.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/base_network_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/client_class_def_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/dhcp_parsers.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/dhcp_queue_control_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/duid_config_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/expiration_config_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/host_reservation_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/host_reservations_list_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/ifaces_config_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/multi_threading_config_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/option_data_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/sanity_checks_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/shared_network_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/shared_networks_list_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/simple_parser4.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/parsers/simple_parser6.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/pgsql_host_data_source.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/pgsql_lease_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/pool.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/random_allocation_state.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/random_allocator.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/resource_handler.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/sanity_checker.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/shared_network.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/srv_config.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/subnet.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/subnet_id.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/subnet_selector.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/timer_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/tracking_lease_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/utils.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dhcpsrv/writable_host_data_source.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/dns_fwd.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/edns.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/exceptions.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/labelsequence.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/master_lexer.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/master_lexer_inputsource.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/master_lexer_state.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/master_loader.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/master_loader_callbacks.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/masterload.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/message.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/messagerenderer.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/name.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/nsec3hash.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/opcode.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/qid_gen.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/question.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/rcode.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/rdata.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/rdata_pimpl_holder.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/rdataclass.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/rdatafields.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/rrclass.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/rrcollator.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/rrparamregistry.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/rrset.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/rrset_collection.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/rrset_collection_base.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/rrttl.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/rrtype.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/serial.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/tsig.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/tsigerror.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/tsigkey.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/tsigrecord.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/dns/zone_checker.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/eval/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/eval/dependency.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/eval/eval_context.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/eval/eval_context_decl.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/eval/eval_log.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/eval/eval_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/eval/evaluate.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/eval/parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/eval/token.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/exceptions/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/exceptions/exceptions.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/exceptions/isc_assert.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/callout_handle.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/callout_handle_associate.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/callout_manager.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/hooks.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/hooks_config.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/hooks_log.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/hooks_manager.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/hooks_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/hooks_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/libinfo.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/library_handle.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/library_manager.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/library_manager_collection.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/parking_lots.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/pointer_converter.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/hooks/server_hooks.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/auth_config.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/auth_log.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/auth_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/basic_auth.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/basic_auth_config.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/client.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/connection.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/connection_pool.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/date_time.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/header_context.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/http_acceptor.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/http_header.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/http_log.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/http_message.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/http_message_parser_base.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/http_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/http_types.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/listener.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/listener_impl.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/post_request.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/post_request_json.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/request.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/request_context.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/request_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/response.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/response_context.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/response_creator.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/response_creator_factory.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/response_json.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/response_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/http/url.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/kea_version.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/buffer_appender_impl.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/interprocess/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/interprocess/interprocess_sync.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/interprocess/interprocess_sync_file.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/interprocess/interprocess_sync_null.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/log_dbglevels.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/log_formatter.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/log_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/logger.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/logger_impl.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/logger_level.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/logger_level_impl.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/logger_manager.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/logger_manager_impl.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/logger_name.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/logger_specification.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/logger_support.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/logger_unittest_support.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/logimpl_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/macros.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/message_dictionary.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/message_exception.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/message_initializer.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/message_reader.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/message_types.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/log/output_option.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/mysql/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/mysql/mysql_binding.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/mysql/mysql_connection.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/mysql/mysql_constants.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/pgsql/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/pgsql/pgsql_connection.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/pgsql/pgsql_exchange.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/process/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/process/cb_ctl_base.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/process/config_base.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/process/config_ctl_info.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/process/config_ctl_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/process/d_cfg_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/process/d_controller.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/process/d_log.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/process/d_process.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/process/daemon.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/process/log_parser.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/process/logging_info.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/process/process_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/process/redact_config.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/stats/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/stats/context.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/stats/observation.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/stats/stats_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/tcp/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/tcp/mt_tcp_listener_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/tcp/tcp_connection.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/tcp/tcp_connection_acceptor.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/tcp/tcp_connection_pool.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/tcp/tcp_listener.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/tcp/tcp_log.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/tcp/tcp_messages.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/tcp/tcp_stream_msg.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/bigints.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/boost_time_utils.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/buffer.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/csv_file.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/dhcp_space.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/doubles.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/encode/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/encode/base16_from_binary.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/encode/base32hex.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/encode/base32hex_from_binary.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/encode/base64.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/encode/binary_from_base16.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/encode/binary_from_base32hex.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/encode/hex.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/encode/utf8.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/file_utilities.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/filename.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/hash.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/io/ |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/io/fd.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/io/fd_share.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/io/pktinfo_utilities.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/io/sockaddr_util.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/io_utilities.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/labeled_value.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/memory_segment.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/memory_segment_local.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/multi_threading_mgr.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/optional.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/pid_file.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/pointer_util.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/range_utilities.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/readwrite_mutex.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/reconnect_ctl.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/staged_value.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/state_model.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/stopwatch.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/stopwatch_impl.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/strutil.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/thread_pool.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/time_utilities.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/triplet.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/unlock_guard.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/versioned_csv_file.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/watch_socket.h |
| kea /usr/include/kea/util/watched_thread.h |
| kea /usr/lib/ |
| kea /usr/lib/kea/ |
| kea /usr/lib/kea/hooks/ |
| kea /usr/lib/kea/hooks/libdhcp_bootp.so |
| kea /usr/lib/kea/hooks/libdhcp_flex_option.so |
| kea /usr/lib/kea/hooks/libdhcp_ha.so |
| kea /usr/lib/kea/hooks/libdhcp_lease_cmds.so |
| kea /usr/lib/kea/hooks/libdhcp_mysql_cb.so |
| kea /usr/lib/kea/hooks/libdhcp_pgsql_cb.so |
| kea /usr/lib/kea/hooks/libdhcp_run_script.so |
| kea /usr/lib/kea/hooks/libdhcp_stat_cmds.so |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-asiodns.so |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-asiodns.so.35 |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-asiodns.so.35.0.0 |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-asiolink.so |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-asiolink.so.56 |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-asiolink.so.56.0.0 |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-cc.so |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-cc.so.54 |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-cc.so.54.0.0 |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-cfgclient.so |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-cfgclient.so.51 |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-cfgclient.so.51.0.0 |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-cryptolink.so |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-cryptolink.so.38 |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-cryptolink.so.38.0.0 |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-d2srv.so |
| kea /usr/lib/libkea-d2srv.so.30 |
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| kea /usr/share/kea/scripts/pgsql/upgrade_013_to_014.sh |
| kea /usr/share/kea/scripts/pgsql/upgrade_014_to_015.sh |
| kea /usr/share/kea/scripts/pgsql/upgrade_015_to_016.sh |
| kea /usr/share/kea/scripts/pgsql/upgrade_016_to_017.sh |
| kea /usr/share/kea/scripts/pgsql/upgrade_017_to_018.sh |
| kea /usr/share/kea/scripts/pgsql/wipe_data.sh |
| kea /var/ |
| kea /var/lib/ |
| kea /var/lib/kea/ |
| kea /var/log/</code> |
| |
| ++++ |
| |
| ===== Dokumentation ===== |
| Eine ausführliche Onlinedokumentation des **[[https://www.isc.org/kea/|modernen Open Source DHCPv4 & DHCPv6 Server Kea]]** findet sich auf der entsprechenden Dokumentationsseite bei **[[https://about.readthedocs.com/|Read the Docs]]** → https://kea.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ . |
| |
| ===== Konfiguration ===== |
| Die Konfiguration unseres DHCPv4 und DHCPv6-Servers wie auch des Controll-Agenten und ggf. des Kea DHCP DDNS Daemaons erfolgt über JSON-Konfigurationsdateien im Verzeichnis **''/etc/kea/''**. |
| |
| ==== DHCPv4 Server ==== |
| Zunächst wollen wir uns eingehend mit der Konfiguration unseres DHCPv4-Daemons befassen. Die zugehörige Original-Dokumentation findet sich im Abschnitt **[[https://kea.readthedocs.io/en/latest/arm/dhcp4-srv.html#dhcpv4-server-configuration|8.2. DHCPv4 Server Configuration]]**. |
| |
| In unserer Betriebsumgebung haben wir folgende Rahmenbedingungen für unseren DHCPv4-Server: |
| * **Netzwerkinterface** : \\ Unser DHCPv4-Daemon soll auf dem Netzwerkinterface **''eth1''** auf entsprechende Adressanfragen lauschen und ausliefern. |
| * **Leases** : \\ In unserer Beispielumgebung sollen die Leases unserer Clients in der Datei **''/var/lib/kea/dhcp4.leases''** vorgehalten werden. Optional wäre auch die Speicherung in einer MariaDB bzw. mySQL-Datenbank oder in einer PostgreSQL-Datenbank denkbar. Aber im ersten Schritt wollen wir uns mal mit einer Ablage in einer Datei begnügen. |
| * **Name-Server** : \\ Der interne DNS-Daemon ist unter der IP-Adresse **''10.0.0.27''** erreichbar. |
| * **Domain-Name** : \\ Der Name unserer Domain lautet **''nausch.org''**. |
| * **Domain-Search-Liste** : \\ Der DHCPv4-Server soll als Domain-Search-List ausgeben: **''%%"%%edmz.nausch.org, idmz.nausch.org, intra.nausch.org%%"%%''** |
| * **Time-Server** : \\ Der interne Time-Server ist unter der IP-Adresse **''10.0.0.17''** erreichbar. |
| * **Router** : \\ Der Default-Router ist unter der IP-Adresse **''10.0.0.17''** erreichbar. |
| * **Subnetz** : \\ Der DHCPv4-Server ist zuständig für das Netz **''10.0.10.0/24''** |
| * **Pool (dynamischer Adress-Bereich)** : \\ Dynamische IP-Adressen sollen aus dem Bereich von **''10.0.10.230 - 10.0.10.250''** vergeben werden. |
| |
| Bei der Installation unseres Kea-Servers wurde uns eine entsprechende Musterkonfigurations-Datei bereits mitgeliefert. |
| # less /etc/kea/kea-dhcp4.conf |
| |
| ++++ /etc/kea/kea-dhcp4.conf | |
| <code>// This is a basic configuration for the Kea DHCPv4 server. Subnet declarations |
| // are mostly commented out and no interfaces are listed. Therefore, the servers |
| // will not listen or respond to any queries. |
| // The basic configuration must be extended to specify interfaces on which |
| // the servers should listen. There are a number of example options defined. |
| // These probably don't make any sense in your network. Make sure you at least |
| // update the following, before running this example in your network: |
| // - change the network interface names |
| // - change the subnets to match your actual network |
| // - change the option values to match your network |
| // |
| // This is just a very basic configuration. Kea comes with large suite (over 30) |
| // of configuration examples and extensive Kea User's Guide. Please refer to |
| // those materials to get better understanding of what this software is able to |
| // do. Comments in this configuration file sometimes refer to sections for more |
| // details. These are section numbers in Kea User's Guide. The version matching |
| // your software should come with your Kea package, but it is also available |
| // in ISC's Knowledgebase (https://kea.readthedocs.io; the direct link for |
| // the stable version is https://kea.readthedocs.io/). |
| // |
| // This configuration file contains only DHCPv4 server's configuration. |
| // If configurations for other Kea services are also included in this file they |
| // are ignored by the DHCPv4 server. |
| { |
| |
| // DHCPv4 configuration starts here. This section will be read by DHCPv4 server |
| // and will be ignored by other components. |
| "Dhcp4": { |
| // Add names of your network interfaces to listen on. |
| "interfaces-config": { |
| // See section 8.2.4 for more details. You probably want to add just |
| // interface name (e.g. "eth0" or specific IPv4 address on that |
| // interface name (e.g. "eth0/192.0.2.1"). |
| "interfaces": [ ] |
| |
| // Kea DHCPv4 server by default listens using raw sockets. This ensures |
| // all packets, including those sent by directly connected clients |
| // that don't have IPv4 address yet, are received. However, if your |
| // traffic is always relayed, it is often better to use regular |
| // UDP sockets. If you want to do that, uncomment this line: |
| // "dhcp-socket-type": "udp" |
| }, |
| |
| // Kea supports control channel, which is a way to receive management |
| // commands while the server is running. This is a Unix domain socket that |
| // receives commands formatted in JSON, e.g. config-set (which sets new |
| // configuration), config-reload (which tells Kea to reload its |
| // configuration from file), statistic-get (to retrieve statistics) and many |
| // more. For detailed description, see Sections 8.8, 16 and 15. |
| "control-socket": { |
| "socket-type": "unix", |
| "socket-name": "/tmp/kea4-ctrl-socket" |
| }, |
| |
| // Use Memfile lease database backend to store leases in a CSV file. |
| // Depending on how Kea was compiled, it may also support SQL databases |
| // (MySQL and/or PostgreSQL). Those database backends require more |
| // parameters, like name, host and possibly user and password. |
| // There are dedicated examples for each backend. See Section 7.2.2 "Lease |
| // Storage" for details. |
| "lease-database": { |
| // Memfile is the simplest and easiest backend to use. It's an in-memory |
| // C++ database that stores its state in CSV file. |
| "type": "memfile", |
| "lfc-interval": 3600 |
| }, |
| |
| // Kea allows storing host reservations in a database. If your network is |
| // small or you have few reservations, it's probably easier to keep them |
| // in the configuration file. If your network is large, it's usually better |
| // to use database for it. To enable it, uncomment the following: |
| // "hosts-database": { |
| // "type": "mysql", |
| // "name": "kea", |
| // "user": "kea", |
| // "password": "kea", |
| // "host": "localhost", |
| // "port": 3306 |
| // }, |
| // See Section 7.2.3 "Hosts storage" for details. |
| |
| // Setup reclamation of the expired leases and leases affinity. |
| // Expired leases will be reclaimed every 10 seconds. Every 25 |
| // seconds reclaimed leases, which have expired more than 3600 |
| // seconds ago, will be removed. The limits for leases reclamation |
| // are 100 leases or 250 ms for a single cycle. A warning message |
| // will be logged if there are still expired leases in the |
| // database after 5 consecutive reclamation cycles. |
| // If both "flush-reclaimed-timer-wait-time" and "hold-reclaimed-time" are |
| // not 0, when the client sends a release message the lease is expired |
| // instead of being deleted from the lease storage. |
| "expired-leases-processing": { |
| "reclaim-timer-wait-time": 10, |
| "flush-reclaimed-timer-wait-time": 25, |
| "hold-reclaimed-time": 3600, |
| "max-reclaim-leases": 100, |
| "max-reclaim-time": 250, |
| "unwarned-reclaim-cycles": 5 |
| }, |
| |
| // Global timers specified here apply to all subnets, unless there are |
| // subnet specific values defined in particular subnets. |
| "renew-timer": 900, |
| "rebind-timer": 1800, |
| "valid-lifetime": 3600, |
| |
| // Many additional parameters can be specified here: |
| // - option definitions (if you want to define vendor options, your own |
| // custom options or perhaps handle standard options |
| // that Kea does not support out of the box yet) |
| // - client classes |
| // - hooks |
| // - ddns information (how the DHCPv4 component can reach a DDNS daemon) |
| // |
| // Some of them have examples below, but there are other parameters. |
| // Consult Kea User's Guide to find out about them. |
| |
| // These are global options. They are going to be sent when a client |
| // requests them, unless overwritten with values in more specific scopes. |
| // The scope hierarchy is: |
| // - global (most generic, can be overwritten by class, subnet or host) |
| // - class (can be overwritten by subnet or host) |
| // - subnet (can be overwritten by host) |
| // - host (most specific, overwrites any other scopes) |
| // |
| // Not all of those options make sense. Please configure only those that |
| // are actually useful in your network. |
| // |
| // For a complete list of options currently supported by Kea, see |
| // Section 7.2.8 "Standard DHCPv4 Options". Kea also supports |
| // vendor options (see Section 7.2.10) and allows users to define their |
| // own custom options (see Section 7.2.9). |
| "option-data": [ |
| // When specifying options, you typically need to specify |
| // one of (name or code) and data. The full option specification |
| // covers name, code, space, csv-format and data. |
| // space defaults to "dhcp4" which is usually correct, unless you |
| // use encapsulate options. csv-format defaults to "true", so |
| // this is also correct, unless you want to specify the whole |
| // option value as long hex string. For example, to specify |
| // domain-name-servers you could do this: |
| // { |
| // "name": "domain-name-servers", |
| // "code": 6, |
| // "csv-format": "true", |
| // "space": "dhcp4", |
| // "data": "192.0.2.1, 192.0.2.2" |
| // } |
| // but it's a lot of writing, so it's easier to do this instead: |
| { |
| "name": "domain-name-servers", |
| "data": "192.0.2.1, 192.0.2.2" |
| }, |
| |
| // Typically people prefer to refer to options by their names, so they |
| // don't need to remember the code names. However, some people like |
| // to use numerical values. For example, option "domain-name" uses |
| // option code 15, so you can reference to it either by |
| // "name": "domain-name" or "code": 15. |
| { |
| "code": 15, |
| "data": "example.org" |
| }, |
| |
| // Domain search is also a popular option. It tells the client to |
| // attempt to resolve names within those specified domains. For |
| // example, name "foo" would be attempted to be resolved as |
| // foo.mydomain.example.com and if it fails, then as foo.example.com |
| { |
| "name": "domain-search", |
| "data": "mydomain.example.com, example.com" |
| }, |
| |
| // String options that have a comma in their values need to have |
| // it escaped (i.e. each comma is preceded by two backslashes). |
| // That's because commas are reserved for separating fields in |
| // compound options. At the same time, we need to be conformant |
| // with JSON spec, that does not allow "\,". Therefore the |
| // slightly uncommon double backslashes notation is needed. |
| |
| // Legal JSON escapes are \ followed by "\/bfnrt character |
| // or \u followed by 4 hexadecimal numbers (currently Kea |
| // supports only \u0000 to \u00ff code points). |
| // CSV processing translates '\\' into '\' and '\,' into ',' |
| // only so for instance '\x' is translated into '\x'. But |
| // as it works on a JSON string value each of these '\' |
| // characters must be doubled on JSON input. |
| { |
| "name": "boot-file-name", |
| "data": "EST5EDT4\\,M3.2.0/02:00\\,M11.1.0/02:00" |
| }, |
| |
| // Options that take integer values can either be specified in |
| // dec or hex format. Hex format could be either plain (e.g. abcd) |
| // or prefixed with 0x (e.g. 0xabcd). |
| { |
| "name": "default-ip-ttl", |
| "data": "0xf0" |
| } |
| |
| // Note that Kea provides some of the options on its own. In particular, |
| // it sends IP Address lease type (code 51, based on valid-lifetime |
| // parameter, Subnet mask (code 1, based on subnet definition), Renewal |
| // time (code 58, based on renew-timer parameter), Rebind time (code 59, |
| // based on rebind-timer parameter). |
| ], |
| |
| // Other global parameters that can be defined here are option definitions |
| // (this is useful if you want to use vendor options, your own custom |
| // options or perhaps handle options that Kea does not handle out of the box |
| // yet). |
| |
| // You can also define classes. If classes are defined, incoming packets |
| // may be assigned to specific classes. A client class can represent any |
| // group of devices that share some common characteristic, e.g. Windows |
| // devices, iphones, broken printers that require special options, etc. |
| // Based on the class information, you can then allow or reject clients |
| // to use certain subnets, add special options for them or change values |
| // of some fixed fields. |
| "client-classes": [ |
| { |
| // This specifies a name of this class. It's useful if you need to |
| // reference this class. |
| "name": "voip", |
| |
| // This is a test. It is an expression that is being evaluated on |
| // each incoming packet. It is supposed to evaluate to either |
| // true or false. If it's true, the packet is added to specified |
| // class. See Section 12 for a list of available expressions. There |
| // are several dozens. Section 8.2.14 for more details for DHCPv4 |
| // classification and Section 9.2.19 for DHCPv6. |
| "test": "substring(option[60].hex,0,6) == 'Aastra'", |
| |
| // If a client belongs to this class, you can define extra behavior. |
| // For example, certain fields in DHCPv4 packet will be set to |
| // certain values. |
| "next-server": "192.0.2.254", |
| "server-hostname": "hal9000", |
| "boot-file-name": "/dev/null" |
| |
| // You can also define option values here if you want devices from |
| // this class to receive special options. |
| } |
| ], |
| |
| // Another thing possible here are hooks. Kea supports a powerful mechanism |
| // that allows loading external libraries that can extract information and |
| // even influence how the server processes packets. Those libraries include |
| // additional forensic logging capabilities, ability to reserve hosts in |
| // more flexible ways, and even add extra commands. For a list of available |
| // hook libraries, see https://gitlab.isc.org/isc-projects/kea/wikis/Hooks-available. |
| // "hooks-libraries": [ |
| // { |
| // // Forensic Logging library generates forensic type of audit trail |
| // // of all devices serviced by Kea, including their identifiers |
| // // (like MAC address), their location in the network, times |
| // // when they were active etc. |
| // "library": "/usr/lib/kea/hooks/libdhcp_legal_log.so", |
| // "parameters": { |
| // "path": "/var/lib/kea", |
| // "base-name": "kea-forensic4" |
| // } |
| // }, |
| // { |
| // // Flexible identifier (flex-id). Kea software provides a way to |
| // // handle host reservations that include addresses, prefixes, |
| // // options, client classes and other features. The reservation can |
| // // be based on hardware address, DUID, circuit-id or client-id in |
| // // DHCPv4 and using hardware address or DUID in DHCPv6. However, |
| // // there are sometimes scenario where the reservation is more |
| // // complex, e.g. uses other options that mentioned above, uses part |
| // // of specific options or perhaps even a combination of several |
| // // options and fields to uniquely identify a client. Those scenarios |
| // // are addressed by the Flexible Identifiers hook application. |
| // "library": "/usr/lib/kea/hooks/libdhcp_flex_id.so", |
| // "parameters": { |
| // "identifier-expression": "relay4[2].hex" |
| // } |
| // } |
| // ], |
| |
| // Below an example of a simple IPv4 subnet declaration. Uncomment to enable |
| // it. This is a list, denoted with [ ], of structures, each denoted with |
| // { }. Each structure describes a single subnet and may have several |
| // parameters. One of those parameters is "pools" that is also a list of |
| // structures. |
| "subnet4": [ |
| { |
| // This defines the whole subnet. Kea will use this information to |
| // determine where the clients are connected. This is the whole |
| // subnet in your network. |
| |
| // Subnet identifier should be unique for each subnet. |
| "id": 1, |
| |
| // This is mandatory parameter for each subnet. |
| "subnet": "192.0.2.0/24", |
| |
| // Pools define the actual part of your subnet that is governed |
| // by Kea. Technically this is optional parameter, but it's |
| // almost always needed for DHCP to do its job. If you omit it, |
| // clients won't be able to get addresses, unless there are |
| // host reservations defined for them. |
| "pools": [ { "pool": "192.0.2.1 - 192.0.2.200" } ], |
| |
| // These are options that are subnet specific. In most cases, |
| // you need to define at least routers option, as without this |
| // option your clients will not be able to reach their default |
| // gateway and will not have Internet connectivity. |
| "option-data": [ |
| { |
| // For each IPv4 subnet you most likely need to specify at |
| // least one router. |
| "name": "routers", |
| "data": "192.0.2.1" |
| } |
| ], |
| |
| // Kea offers host reservations mechanism. Kea supports reservations |
| // by several different types of identifiers: hw-address |
| // (hardware/MAC address of the client), duid (DUID inserted by the |
| // client), client-id (client identifier inserted by the client) and |
| // circuit-id (circuit identifier inserted by the relay agent). |
| // |
| // Kea also support flexible identifier (flex-id), which lets you |
| // specify an expression that is evaluated for each incoming packet. |
| // Resulting value is then used for as an identifier. |
| // |
| // Note that reservations are subnet-specific in Kea. This is |
| // different than ISC DHCP. Keep that in mind when migrating |
| // your configurations. |
| "reservations": [ |
| |
| // This is a reservation for a specific hardware/MAC address. |
| // It's a rather simple reservation: just an address and nothing |
| // else. |
| { |
| "hw-address": "1a:1b:1c:1d:1e:1f", |
| "ip-address": "192.0.2.201" |
| }, |
| |
| // This is a reservation for a specific client-id. It also shows |
| // the this client will get a reserved hostname. A hostname can |
| // be defined for any identifier type, not just client-id. |
| { |
| "client-id": "01:11:22:33:44:55:66", |
| "ip-address": "192.0.2.202", |
| "hostname": "special-snowflake" |
| }, |
| |
| // The third reservation is based on DUID. This reservation defines |
| // a special option values for this particular client. If the |
| // domain-name-servers option would have been defined on a global, |
| // subnet or class level, the host specific values take preference. |
| { |
| "duid": "01:02:03:04:05", |
| "ip-address": "192.0.2.203", |
| "option-data": [ { |
| "name": "domain-name-servers", |
| "data": "10.1.1.202, 10.1.1.203" |
| } ] |
| }, |
| |
| // The fourth reservation is based on circuit-id. This is an option |
| // inserted by the relay agent that forwards the packet from client |
| // to the server. In this example the host is also assigned vendor |
| // specific options. |
| // |
| // When using reservations, it is useful to configure |
| // reservations-global, reservations-in-subnet, |
| // reservations-out-of-pool (subnet specific parameters) |
| // and host-reservation-identifiers (global parameter). |
| { |
| "client-id": "01:12:23:34:45:56:67", |
| "ip-address": "192.0.2.204", |
| "option-data": [ |
| { |
| "name": "vivso-suboptions", |
| "data": "4491" |
| }, |
| { |
| "name": "tftp-servers", |
| "space": "vendor-4491", |
| "data": "10.1.1.202, 10.1.1.203" |
| } |
| ] |
| }, |
| // This reservation is for a client that needs specific DHCPv4 |
| // fields to be set. Three supported fields are next-server, |
| // server-hostname and boot-file-name |
| { |
| "client-id": "01:0a:0b:0c:0d:0e:0f", |
| "ip-address": "192.0.2.205", |
| "next-server": "192.0.2.1", |
| "server-hostname": "hal9000", |
| "boot-file-name": "/dev/null" |
| }, |
| // This reservation is using flexible identifier. Instead of |
| // relying on specific field, sysadmin can define an expression |
| // similar to what is used for client classification, |
| // e.g. substring(relay[0].option[17],0,6). Then, based on the |
| // value of that expression for incoming packet, the reservation |
| // is matched. Expression can be specified either as hex or |
| // plain text using single quotes. |
| // |
| // Note: flexible identifier requires flex_id hook library to be |
| // loaded to work. |
| { |
| "flex-id": "'s0mEVaLue'", |
| "ip-address": "192.0.2.206" |
| } |
| // You can add more reservations here. |
| ] |
| // You can add more subnets there. |
| } |
| ], |
| |
| // There are many, many more parameters that DHCPv4 server is able to use. |
| // They were not added here to not overwhelm people with too much |
| // information at once. |
| |
| // Logging configuration starts here. Kea uses different loggers to log various |
| // activities. For details (e.g. names of loggers), see Chapter 18. |
| "loggers": [ |
| { |
| // This section affects kea-dhcp4, which is the base logger for DHCPv4 |
| // component. It tells DHCPv4 server to write all log messages (on |
| // severity INFO or more) to a file. |
| "name": "kea-dhcp4", |
| "output_options": [ |
| { |
| // Specifies the output file. There are several special values |
| // supported: |
| // - stdout (prints on standard output) |
| // - stderr (prints on standard error) |
| // - syslog (logs to syslog) |
| // - syslog:name (logs to syslog using specified name) |
| // Any other value is considered a name of the file |
| "output": "/var/log/kea-dhcp4.log" |
| |
| // Shorter log pattern suitable for use with systemd, |
| // avoids redundant information |
| // "pattern": "%-5p %m\n", |
| |
| // This governs whether the log output is flushed to disk after |
| // every write. |
| // "flush": false, |
| |
| // This specifies the maximum size of the file before it is |
| // rotated. |
| // "maxsize": 1048576, |
| |
| // This specifies the maximum number of rotated files to keep. |
| // "maxver": 8 |
| } |
| ], |
| // This specifies the severity of log messages to keep. Supported values |
| // are: FATAL, ERROR, WARN, INFO, DEBUG |
| "severity": "INFO", |
| |
| // If DEBUG level is specified, this value is used. 0 is least verbose, |
| // 99 is most verbose. Be cautious, Kea can generate lots and lots |
| // of logs if told to do so. |
| "debuglevel": 0 |
| } |
| ] |
| } |
| }</code> |
| |
| ++++ |
| |
| Bevor wir nun aber unseren Kea-DHCPv4-Daemon individuell nach unseren Bedürfnissen hin anpassen, werden wir zunächst die im Paket mitgelieferte Original-Konfigurationsdatei **''/etc/kea/kea-dhcp4.conf''** für spätere Referenzen sichern. |
| # cp -a /etc/kea/kea-dhcp4.conf /etc/kea/kea-dhcp4.conf.orig |
| |
| So können wir später bei etwaigen Bedarf Vergleiche zur originalen Konfigurationsdatei mit unserer individuellen Konfigurationsdatei anstreben, wie in diesem Beispiel hier: |
| # vimdiff /etc/kea/kea-dhcp4.conf /etc/kea/kea-dhcp4.conf.orig |
| FIXME |
| |