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IT Infrastruktur und System Monitoring mit Icinga 2 unter CentOS 7.x
Mit Icinga kann man sehr leicht und einfach umfangreiche und komplexe IT-Infrastrukturen und Dienste überwachen. Icinga bietet umfassende Überwachungs- und Alarmfunktionen für Server, Switches, Anwendungen und Dienste, so dass also Störungen im Betrieb frühestmöglich erkannt und Abhilfe geschaffen werden kann. Icinga wurde im Mai 2009 von einer Gruppe von Nagios-Entwicklern als ein Fork von Nagios ins Leben gerufen und seit dem rasant weiterentwickelt.
Tiefergehende Informationen zu Icinga selbst findet man auf der Icinga 2 - Features Seite im WWW. Eine detaillierte Installations- und Konfigurationsbeschreibung, die bei der Erstellung dieser Installationsdokumentation wertvolle Hilfe geleistet hat, ist dort ebenfalls zu finden!
Installation
Die Installation von ICINGA selbst gestaltet sich relativ einfach, da die Entwickler unter anderem für CentOS 7 ein eigenes Repository vorgehalten wird.
ICINGA-Repository
Als Vorbereitung vor der Installation von icinga2 müssen wir erst einmal das benötigte Repository einbinden. Hierzu holen wir uns die Konfigurationsdatei erst einmal auf unseren Server.
# wget http://packages.icinga.org/epel/ICINGA-release.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/ICINGA-release.repo
Anschließend tragen wir noch die Priorität in der Konfigurationsdatei nach; in unserer Installationsumgebung wählen wir dazu einen nachrangigen wert, z.B. 15
# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/ICINGA-release.repo
- /etc/yum.repos.d/ICINGA-release.repo
[icinga-stable-release] name=ICINGA (stable release for epel) baseurl=http://packages.icinga.org/epel/$releasever/release/ enabled=1 # Django : 2015-03-07 Priorität 15 nachgetragen # default: unset priority=15 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://packages.icinga.org/icinga.key
Anschließend weisen wir yum an, alle Metadaten des neuen Repositorys zu laden.
# yum makecache
Zu guter Letzt holen wir uns noch den PGP-Schlüssel des ICINGA-Repositorys, damit später bei der Installation der einzelnen Pakete diese überprüft werden können.
# rpm --import http://packages.icinga.org/icinga.key
ICINGA2
Nachdem die Vorbereitungen abgeschlossen sind, können wir nun mit der Installation von ICINGA2 starten, indem wir den Befehl yum bemühen.
# yum install icinga2 -y
Neben dem Paket icinga2, werden auch noch die Pakete icinga2-common und icinga2-bin installiert.
Paketinhalte
icinga2
Welche Verzeichnisse und Dateien das Paket installierte, erfahren wir mit dem nachfolgendem Aufruf.
# rpm -qil icinga2
Name : icinga2 Version : 2.3.2 Release : 1.el7.centos Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: Fri 13 Mar 2015 08:44:31 AM CET Group : Applications/System Size : 17986 License : GPL-2.0+ Signature : DSA/SHA1, Thu 12 Mar 2015 04:17:20 PM CET, Key ID c6e319c334410682 Source RPM : icinga2-2.3.2-1.el7.centos.src.rpm Build Date : Thu 12 Mar 2015 04:17:05 PM CET Build Host : jenkins-build-5c74b3d4-776 Relocations : (not relocatable) URL : https://www.icinga.org/ Summary : Network monitoring application Description : Meta package for Icinga 2 Core, DB IDO and Web. /usr/share/doc/icinga2-2.3.2
icinga2-common
Wie schon zuvor prüfen wir, welchen Inhalt das RPM mitbrachte.
# rpm -qil icinga2-common
Name : icinga2-common Version : 2.3.2 Release : 1.el7.centos Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: Fri 13 Mar 2015 08:44:29 AM CET Group : Applications/System Size : 188359 License : GPL-2.0+ Signature : DSA/SHA1, Thu 12 Mar 2015 04:17:20 PM CET, Key ID c6e319c334410682 Source RPM : icinga2-2.3.2-1.el7.centos.src.rpm Build Date : Thu 12 Mar 2015 04:17:05 PM CET Build Host : jenkins-build-5c74b3d4-776 Relocations : (not relocatable) URL : https://www.icinga.org/ Summary : Common Icinga 2 configuration Description : Provides common directories, uid and gid among Icinga 2 related packages. /etc/bash_completion.d/icinga2 /etc/icinga2 /etc/icinga2/conf.d /etc/icinga2/conf.d/commands.conf /etc/icinga2/conf.d/downtimes.conf /etc/icinga2/conf.d/groups.conf /etc/icinga2/conf.d/hosts.conf /etc/icinga2/conf.d/notifications.conf /etc/icinga2/conf.d/satellite.conf /etc/icinga2/conf.d/services.conf /etc/icinga2/conf.d/templates.conf /etc/icinga2/conf.d/timeperiods.conf /etc/icinga2/conf.d/users.conf /etc/icinga2/constants.conf /etc/icinga2/features-available /etc/icinga2/features-available/api.conf /etc/icinga2/features-available/checker.conf /etc/icinga2/features-available/command.conf /etc/icinga2/features-available/compatlog.conf /etc/icinga2/features-available/debuglog.conf /etc/icinga2/features-available/gelf.conf /etc/icinga2/features-available/graphite.conf /etc/icinga2/features-available/icingastatus.conf /etc/icinga2/features-available/livestatus.conf /etc/icinga2/features-available/mainlog.conf /etc/icinga2/features-available/notification.conf /etc/icinga2/features-available/opentsdb.conf /etc/icinga2/features-available/perfdata.conf /etc/icinga2/features-available/statusdata.conf /etc/icinga2/features-available/syslog.conf /etc/icinga2/features-enabled /etc/icinga2/icinga2.conf /etc/icinga2/init.conf /etc/icinga2/repository.d /etc/icinga2/repository.d/README /etc/icinga2/scripts /etc/icinga2/scripts/mail-host-notification.sh /etc/icinga2/scripts/mail-service-notification.sh /etc/icinga2/zones.conf /etc/icinga2/zones.d /etc/icinga2/zones.d/README /etc/logrotate.d/icinga2 /etc/sysconfig/icinga2 /usr/lib/icinga2 /usr/lib/icinga2/prepare-dirs /usr/lib/icinga2/safe-reload /usr/lib/systemd/system/icinga2.service /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2 /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/AUTHORS /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/COPYING /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/COPYING.Exceptions /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/ChangeLog /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/NEWS /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/README.md /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/syntax /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/syntax/README /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/syntax/nano /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/syntax/nano/README /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/syntax/nano/icinga2.nanorc /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/syntax/vim /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/syntax/vim/README /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/syntax/vim/ftdetect /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/syntax/vim/ftdetect/icinga2.vim /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/syntax/vim/syntax /usr/share/doc/icinga2-common-2.3.2/syntax/vim/syntax/icinga2.vim /usr/share/icinga2/include /usr/share/icinga2/include/command-icinga.conf /usr/share/icinga2/include/command-nscp-local.conf /usr/share/icinga2/include/command-plugins-manubulon.conf /usr/share/icinga2/include/command-plugins.conf /usr/share/icinga2/include/command.conf /usr/share/icinga2/include/hangman /usr/share/icinga2/include/itl /usr/share/icinga2/include/manubulon /usr/share/icinga2/include/nscp /usr/share/icinga2/include/plugins /usr/share/icinga2/include/plugins-contrib /usr/share/icinga2/include/plugins-contrib.d /usr/share/icinga2/include/plugins-contrib.d/ipmi.conf /usr/share/icinga2/include/plugins-contrib.d/network-components.conf /usr/share/icinga2/include/plugins-contrib.d/operating-system.conf /usr/share/icinga2/include/plugins-contrib.d/virtualization.conf /usr/share/icinga2/include/plugins-contrib.d/vmware.conf /usr/share/icinga2/include/timeperiod.conf /var/log/icinga2 /var/spool/icinga2 /var/spool/icinga2/perfdata /var/spool/icinga2/tmp
icinga2-bin
Zum Schluß werfen wir dann noch einen Blick in das Paket icinga2-bin.
# rpm -qil icinga2-bin
Name : icinga2-bin Version : 2.3.2 Release : 1.el7.centos Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: Fri 13 Mar 2015 08:44:30 AM CET Group : Applications/System Size : 11691943 License : GPL-2.0+ Signature : DSA/SHA1, Thu 12 Mar 2015 04:17:20 PM CET, Key ID c6e319c334410682 Source RPM : icinga2-2.3.2-1.el7.centos.src.rpm Build Date : Thu 12 Mar 2015 04:17:05 PM CET Build Host : jenkins-build-5c74b3d4-776 Relocations : (not relocatable) URL : https://www.icinga.org/ Summary : Icinga 2 binaries and libraries Description : Icinga 2 is a general-purpose network monitoring application. Provides binaries and libraries for Icinga 2 Core. /usr/lib64/icinga2 /usr/lib64/icinga2/libbase.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/libchecker.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/libcli.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/libcompat.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/libconfig.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/libdb_ido.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/libexecvpe.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/libicinga.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/liblivestatus.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/libmethods.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/libmmatch.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/libnotification.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/libperfdata.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/libremote.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/libsocketpair.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/libyajl.so /usr/lib64/icinga2/libyajl.so.2 /usr/lib64/icinga2/libyajl.so.2.1.0 /usr/sbin/icinga2 /usr/share/doc/icinga2-bin-2.3.2 /usr/share/doc/icinga2-bin-2.3.2/AUTHORS /usr/share/doc/icinga2-bin-2.3.2/COPYING /usr/share/doc/icinga2-bin-2.3.2/COPYING.Exceptions /usr/share/doc/icinga2-bin-2.3.2/ChangeLog /usr/share/doc/icinga2-bin-2.3.2/NEWS /usr/share/doc/icinga2-bin-2.3.2/README.md /usr/share/icinga2 /usr/share/man/man8/icinga2.8.gz /var/cache/icinga2 /var/lib/icinga2 /var/lib/icinga2/api /var/lib/icinga2/api/log /var/lib/icinga2/api/repository /var/lib/icinga2/api/zones /var/log/icinga2 /var/log/icinga2/compat /var/log/icinga2/compat/archives /var/log/icinga2/crash /var/run/icinga2 /var/run/icinga2/cmd
Systemstart
erster manueller Start
Nun können wir den Icinga2-Daemon das erste mal starten.
# systemctl start icinga2.service
Im Syslog wird der Start entsprechend dokumentiert.
# less /var/log/messages
Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 systemd: Starting Icinga host/service/network monitoring system... Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/cli: Icinga application loader (version: v2.3.0) Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/cli: Loading application type: icinga/IcingaApplication Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/Utility: Loading library 'libicinga.so' Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/icinga2.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/constants.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/zones.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /usr/share/icinga2/include/itl Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /usr/share/icinga2/include/plugins Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/features-enabled/checker.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/features-enabled/mainlog.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/features-enabled/notification.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/conf.d/commands.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/conf.d/downtimes.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/conf.d/groups.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/conf.d/hosts.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/conf.d/notifications.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/conf.d/satellite.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/conf.d/services.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/conf.d/templates.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/conf.d/timeperiods.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /etc/icinga2/conf.d/users.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/Utility: Loading library 'libchecker.so' Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/Utility: Loading library 'libnotification.so' Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /usr/share/icinga2/include/command.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /usr/share/icinga2/include/command-icinga.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /usr/share/icinga2/include/timeperiod.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigCompiler: Compiling config file: /usr/share/icinga2/include/command-plugins.conf Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/Utility: Loading library 'libmethods.so' Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigItem: Committing config items Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] warning/ApplyRule: Apply rule 'satellite-host' (in /etc/icinga2/conf.d/satellite.conf: 29:1-29:41) for type 'Dependency' does not match anywhere! Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigItem: Checked 1 Endpoint(s). Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigItem: Checked 1 Zone(s). Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigItem: Checked 45 CheckCommand(s). Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigItem: Checked 2 NotificationCommand(s). Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigItem: Checked 3 TimePeriod(s). Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigItem: Checked 1 CheckerComponent(s). Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigItem: Checked 1 FileLogger(s). Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigItem: Checked 1 NotificationComponent(s). Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigItem: Checked 2 HostGroup(s). Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 icinga2: [2015-03-12 10:09:42 +0100] information/ConfigItem: Checked 3 ServiceGroup(s). Mar 12 10:09:42 vml000117 systemd: Started Icinga host/service/network monitoring system.
automatischer Start beim Systemstart
Wollen wir den Daemon beim Hochfahren des Systems automatisch starten, greifen wir auf den Befehl systemctl zurück.
# systemctl enable icinga2.service
# ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/icinga2.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/icinga2.service'
Möchten wir uns vergewissern, ob der Daemon beim Systemstart gestartet wird oder nicht, erfahren wir ebenfalls mit dem Befehl systemctl.
# systemctl is-enabled icinga2.service
enabled
Startet der Server nicht automatisch, wird uns ein „disabled“ zurückgemeldet.
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