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Alternativer FastCGI Process Manager für den Apache httpd unter CentOS 7.x
Mit PHP-FPM kann ein alternativer FastCGI Process Manager (FastCGI-Implementierung) beim Apache webserver verwendet werden, um z.B. die PHP-Verarbeitungs erheblich zu beschleunigen und somit die Antwortzeiten des Webservers signifikant zu verbessern. PHP-FPM ist seit der PHP Version 5.3.3 fest in PHP integriert. PHP-FPM startet dazu mehrere PHP-Interpreter-Prozesse, die ständig im Hintergrund laufen um auf Anfragen zu warten. Eingehende Requests nimmt er vom Apache-Webserver Apache HTTP Server entgegen und teilt dies dann den bereitstehenden Prozessen des PHP-Interpreter zu.
Grundsätzlich gibt es drei Varianten, wie die Kommunikation zwischen dem WEB-Server Apache HTTP Server und dem PHP raalisiert werden kann:
- mod_php Die wohl am meist verbreitete PHP Implementierung innerhalb des Apache HTTP Servers.
- mod_fcgid Alternativ zur Nutzung des PHP-Moduls mod_php kann auch CGI/FastCGI vom Apache HTTP Server an eigens gestartete externen Prozess delegiert werden.
- php-fpm Bei der dritten Variante mit Verwendung von FPM/FastCGI übergibt der Apache HTTP Server Anfragen an einen externen separat laufenden Dienstes/Daemon. Dadurch ergeben sich folgende (zusätzliche) Vorteile:
- Die PHP Prozesse müssen nicht mehr zwingend in der gleichen Umgebung wie der Webserver laufen; bzw. im einfachsten Fall wird der PHP-FPMD-Daemon mit anderen User- und Gruppenrechten betrieben als der WEB-Server selbst.
- Die PHP-FPM Prozesse können unabhängig vom Webserver neu gestartet werden. Somit werden keinen ankommendne Clientprozesse des Apache-Webservers beim Neustart des PHP-FPM-Daemon getrennt und gehen somit nicht verloren.
- Durch geschickte Konfiguration des PHP-FPM-Daemon können getrennte und unterschiedliche Pools definiert werden. Bei der Konfiguration dieser Pools kann definiert werden, mit welchen User- und Gruppenrechten der bzw. die Prozesse laufen sollen und bei Bedarf können die PHP-FPM-Prozesse auch in eigenen chroot-Umgebungen laufen. Auch können unterschiedliche PHP-Einstellungen mit Hilfe von getrennten php.ini Dateien festgelegt werden. Angesprochen werden diese Pools entweder über einen UNIX Domain Socket bzw. über unterschiedliche Ports.
- Nicht mehr benötigte PHP-FPM-Prozesse können automatisiert beendet werden, wenn diese nicht mehr benötigt werden sollten.
- Durch Verwendung der Option request_slowlog_timeout kann definiert werden, wie lange max. auf einen Antwort eines Anfrage gewartet werden soll. Wir dieser Wert überschritten, wird automatisch ein backtrace der Anfrage in eine LOG-Datei geschrieben.
- Durch Verwendung des alternativer FastCGI Process Managers PHP-FPM kann der Apache HTTP Server im event-Mode statt dem standardmässigen prefork-Mode betrieben werden. Dadurch kann der Durchsatz des webservers erheblich verbessert werden.
Nachfolgend wird in diesem Kapitel beschrieben, wie der PHP-FPM-Daemon installiert, eingerichtet und an den Apache Webserver angebunden werden kann.
Installation
Die Installation des FastCGI Process Managers PHP-FPM erfolgt mit Hilfe des Paketmanager Tools YUM. Verwendet man die Standard-PHP-Insallation unter CentOS 7 ist das Paket php-fpm aus dem Base-Repository zu installieren.
# yum install php-fpm -y
Im weiteren werden wir uns die Installation des zugehörigen Daemon bei Verwendung von PHP 7.0 aus dem Repository IUS betrachten.
# yum install php70u-fpm
Was uns das Paket php70u-fpm alles mit ins System bringt, zeigt uns der Befehl rpm mit der Option -qil.
# rpm -qil php70u-fpm
Name : php70u-fpm Version : 7.0.21 Release : 1.ius.centos7 Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: Fri 21 Jul 2017 10:24:28 PM CEST Group : Development/Languages Size : 4759319 License : PHP and Zend and BSD and MIT and ASL 1.0 Signature : DSA/SHA1, Wed 19 Jul 2017 06:23:42 AM CEST, Key ID da221cdf9cd4953f Source RPM : php70u-7.0.21-1.ius.centos7.src.rpm Build Date : Thu 06 Jul 2017 04:28:31 PM CEST Build Host : 606890-build04.rpmdev.rackspace.com Relocations : (not relocatable) URL : http://www.php.net/ Summary : PHP FastCGI Process Manager Description : PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) is an alternative PHP FastCGI implementation with some additional features useful for sites of any size, especially busier sites. /etc/logrotate.d/php-fpm /etc/php-fpm.conf /etc/php-fpm.d /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf /etc/systemd/system/php-fpm.service.d /run/php-fpm /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/php-fpm.conf /usr/sbin/php-fpm /usr/share/doc/php70u-fpm-7.0.21 /usr/share/doc/php70u-fpm-7.0.21/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/share/doc/php70u-fpm-7.0.21/www.conf.default /usr/share/fpm /usr/share/fpm/status.html /usr/share/licenses/php70u-fpm-7.0.21 /usr/share/licenses/php70u-fpm-7.0.21/fpm_LICENSE /usr/share/man/man8/php-fpm.8.gz /var/lib/php/fpm /var/lib/php/fpm/opcache /var/lib/php/fpm/session /var/lib/php/fpm/wsdlcache /var/log/php-fpm
Konfiguration
Daemon
Die Konfiguration des Daemon erfolgt über die Konfigurationsdatei /etc/php-fpm.conf .
# vim /etc/php-fpm.conf
- /etc/php-fpm.conf
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; FPM Configuration ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; All relative paths in this configuration file are relative to PHP's install ; prefix. ; Include one or more files. If glob(3) exists, it is used to include a bunch of ; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the ; file. include=/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Global Options ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; [global] ; Pid file ; Default Value: none pid = /run/php-fpm/php-fpm.pid ; Error log file ; If it's set to "syslog", log is sent to syslogd instead of being written ; in a local file. ; Default Value: /var/log/php-fpm.log error_log = /var/log/php-fpm/error.log ; syslog_facility is used to specify what type of program is logging the ; message. This lets syslogd specify that messages from different facilities ; will be handled differently. ; See syslog(3) for possible values (ex daemon equiv LOG_DAEMON) ; Default Value: daemon ;syslog.facility = daemon ; syslog_ident is prepended to every message. If you have multiple FPM ; instances running on the same server, you can change the default value ; which must suit common needs. ; Default Value: php-fpm ;syslog.ident = php-fpm ; Log level ; Possible Values: alert, error, warning, notice, debug ; Default Value: notice ;log_level = notice ; If this number of child processes exit with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS within the time ; interval set by emergency_restart_interval then FPM will restart. A value ; of '0' means 'Off'. ; Default Value: 0 ;emergency_restart_threshold = 0 ; Interval of time used by emergency_restart_interval to determine when ; a graceful restart will be initiated. This can be useful to work around ; accidental corruptions in an accelerator's shared memory. ; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default Value: 0 ;emergency_restart_interval = 0 ; Time limit for child processes to wait for a reaction on signals from master. ; Available units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default Value: 0 ;process_control_timeout = 0 ; The maximum number of processes FPM will fork. This has been design to control ; the global number of processes when using dynamic PM within a lot of pools. ; Use it with caution. ; Note: A value of 0 indicates no limit ; Default Value: 0 ;process.max = 128 ; Specify the nice(2) priority to apply to the master process (only if set) ; The value can vary from -19 (highest priority) to 20 (lower priority) ; Note: - It will only work if the FPM master process is launched as root ; - The pool process will inherit the master process priority ; unless it specified otherwise ; Default Value: no set ;process.priority = -19 ; Send FPM to background. Set to 'no' to keep FPM in foreground for debugging. ; Default Value: yes daemonize = yes ; Set open file descriptor rlimit for the master process. ; Default Value: system defined value ;rlimit_files = 1024 ; Set max core size rlimit for the master process. ; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0 ; Default Value: system defined value ;rlimit_core = 0 ; Specify the event mechanism FPM will use. The following is available: ; - select (any POSIX os) ; - poll (any POSIX os) ; - epoll (linux >= 2.5.44) ; Default Value: not set (auto detection) ;events.mechanism = epoll ; When FPM is build with systemd integration, specify the interval, ; in second, between health report notification to systemd. ; Set to 0 to disable. ; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default value: 10 ;systemd_interval = 10 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Pool Definitions ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Multiple pools of child processes may be started with different listening ; ports and different management options. The name of the pool will be ; used in logs and stats. There is no limitation on the number of pools which ; FPM can handle. Your system will tell you anyway :) ; See /etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
Pool www
Bei der Installation wurde für den Pool www einen vordefiniert Konfigurationsdatei /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf mitgeliefert.
# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
- /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
; Start a new pool named 'www'. ; the variable $pool can we used in any directive and will be replaced by the ; pool name ('www' here) [www] ; Per pool prefix ; It only applies on the following directives: ; - 'access.log' ; - 'slowlog' ; - 'listen' (unixsocket) ; - 'chroot' ; - 'chdir' ; - 'php_values' ; - 'php_admin_values' ; When not set, the global prefix (or @php_fpm_prefix@) applies instead. ; Note: This directive can also be relative to the global prefix. ; Default Value: none ;prefix = /path/to/pools/$pool ; Unix user/group of processes ; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group ; will be used. user = php-fpm group = php-fpm ; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests. ; Valid syntaxes are: ; 'ip.add.re.ss:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv4 address on ; a specific port; ; '[ip:6:addr:ess]:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv6 address on ; a specific port; ; 'port' - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses ; (IPv6 and IPv4-mapped) on a specific port; ; '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket. ; Note: This value is mandatory. listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 ; WARNING: If you switch to a unix socket, you have to grant your webserver user ; access to that socket by setting listen.acl_users to the webserver user. ;listen = /run/php-fpm/www.sock ; Set listen(2) backlog. ; Default Value: 511 ;listen.backlog = 511 ; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write ; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. ; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user ; mode is set to 0660 ;listen.owner = root ;listen.group = root ;listen.mode = 0660 ; When POSIX Access Control Lists are supported you can set them using ; these options, value is a comma separated list of user/group names. ; When set, listen.owner and listen.group are ignored ;listen.acl_users = apache,nginx ;listen.acl_users = apache ;listen.acl_users = nginx ;listen.acl_groups = ; List of addresses (IPv4/IPv6) of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect. ; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original ; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address ; must be separated by a comma. If this value is left blank, connections will be ; accepted from any ip address. ; Default Value: any listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 ; Specify the nice(2) priority to apply to the pool processes (only if set) ; The value can vary from -19 (highest priority) to 20 (lower priority) ; Note: - It will only work if the FPM master process is launched as root ; - The pool processes will inherit the master process priority ; unless it specified otherwise ; Default Value: no set ; process.priority = -19 ; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes. ; Possible Values: ; static - a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes; ; dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the ; following directives. With this process management, there will be ; always at least 1 children. ; pm.max_children - the maximum number of children that can ; be alive at the same time. ; pm.start_servers - the number of children created on startup. ; pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle' ; state (waiting to process). If the number ; of 'idle' processes is less than this ; number then some children will be created. ; pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle' ; state (waiting to process). If the number ; of 'idle' processes is greater than this ; number then some children will be killed. ; ondemand - no children are created at startup. Children will be forked when ; new requests will connect. The following parameter are used: ; pm.max_children - the maximum number of children that ; can be alive at the same time. ; pm.process_idle_timeout - The number of seconds after which ; an idle process will be killed. ; Note: This value is mandatory. pm = dynamic ; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the ; maximum number of child processes when pm is set to 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'. ; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be ; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork. ; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP ; CGI. The below defaults are based on a server without much resources. Don't ; forget to tweak pm.* to fit your needs. ; Note: Used when pm is set to 'static', 'dynamic' or 'ondemand' ; Note: This value is mandatory. pm.max_children = 50 ; The number of child processes created on startup. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic' ; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2 pm.start_servers = 5 ; The desired minimum number of idle server processes. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic' ; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic' pm.min_spare_servers = 5 ; The desired maximum number of idle server processes. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic' ; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic' pm.max_spare_servers = 35 ; The number of seconds after which an idle process will be killed. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'ondemand' ; Default Value: 10s ;pm.process_idle_timeout = 10s; ; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning. ; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For ; endless request processing specify '0'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS. ; Default Value: 0 ;pm.max_requests = 500 ; The URI to view the FPM status page. If this value is not set, no URI will be ; recognized as a status page. It shows the following informations: ; pool - the name of the pool; ; process manager - static, dynamic or ondemand; ; start time - the date and time FPM has started; ; start since - number of seconds since FPM has started; ; accepted conn - the number of request accepted by the pool; ; listen queue - the number of request in the queue of pending ; connections (see backlog in listen(2)); ; max listen queue - the maximum number of requests in the queue ; of pending connections since FPM has started; ; listen queue len - the size of the socket queue of pending connections; ; idle processes - the number of idle processes; ; active processes - the number of active processes; ; total processes - the number of idle + active processes; ; max active processes - the maximum number of active processes since FPM ; has started; ; max children reached - number of times, the process limit has been reached, ; when pm tries to start more children (works only for ; pm 'dynamic' and 'ondemand'); ; Value are updated in real time. ; Example output: ; pool: www ; process manager: static ; start time: 01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200 ; start since: 62636 ; accepted conn: 190460 ; listen queue: 0 ; max listen queue: 1 ; listen queue len: 42 ; idle processes: 4 ; active processes: 11 ; total processes: 15 ; max active processes: 12 ; max children reached: 0 ; ; By default the status page output is formatted as text/plain. Passing either ; 'html', 'xml' or 'json' in the query string will return the corresponding ; output syntax. Example: ; http://www.foo.bar/status ; http://www.foo.bar/status?json ; http://www.foo.bar/status?html ; http://www.foo.bar/status?xml ; ; By default the status page only outputs short status. Passing 'full' in the ; query string will also return status for each pool process. ; Example: ; http://www.foo.bar/status?full ; http://www.foo.bar/status?json&full ; http://www.foo.bar/status?html&full ; http://www.foo.bar/status?xml&full ; The Full status returns for each process: ; pid - the PID of the process; ; state - the state of the process (Idle, Running, ...); ; start time - the date and time the process has started; ; start since - the number of seconds since the process has started; ; requests - the number of requests the process has served; ; request duration - the duration in µs of the requests; ; request method - the request method (GET, POST, ...); ; request URI - the request URI with the query string; ; content length - the content length of the request (only with POST); ; user - the user (PHP_AUTH_USER) (or '-' if not set); ; script - the main script called (or '-' if not set); ; last request cpu - the %cpu the last request consumed ; it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state ; because CPU calculation is done when the request ; processing has terminated; ; last request memory - the max amount of memory the last request consumed ; it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state ; because memory calculation is done when the request ; processing has terminated; ; If the process is in Idle state, then informations are related to the ; last request the process has served. Otherwise informations are related to ; the current request being served. ; Example output: ; ************************ ; pid: 31330 ; state: Running ; start time: 01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200 ; start since: 63087 ; requests: 12808 ; request duration: 1250261 ; request method: GET ; request URI: /test_mem.php?N=10000 ; content length: 0 ; user: - ; script: /home/fat/web/docs/php/test_mem.php ; last request cpu: 0.00 ; last request memory: 0 ; ; Note: There is a real-time FPM status monitoring sample web page available ; It's available in: @EXPANDED_DATADIR@/fpm/status.html ; ; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be ; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it ; may conflict with a real PHP file. ; Default Value: not set ;pm.status_path = /status ; The ping URI to call the monitoring page of FPM. If this value is not set, no ; URI will be recognized as a ping page. This could be used to test from outside ; that FPM is alive and responding, or to ; - create a graph of FPM availability (rrd or such); ; - remove a server from a group if it is not responding (load balancing); ; - trigger alerts for the operating team (24/7). ; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be ; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it ; may conflict with a real PHP file. ; Default Value: not set ;ping.path = /ping ; This directive may be used to customize the response of a ping request. The ; response is formatted as text/plain with a 200 response code. ; Default Value: pong ;ping.response = pong ; The access log file ; Default: not set ;access.log = log/$pool.access.log ; The access log format. ; The following syntax is allowed ; %%: the '%' character ; %C: %CPU used by the request ; it can accept the following format: ; - %{user}C for user CPU only ; - %{system}C for system CPU only ; - %{total}C for user + system CPU (default) ; %d: time taken to serve the request ; it can accept the following format: ; - %{seconds}d (default) ; - %{miliseconds}d ; - %{mili}d ; - %{microseconds}d ; - %{micro}d ; %e: an environment variable (same as $_ENV or $_SERVER) ; it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the env ; variable. Some exemples: ; - server specifics like: %{REQUEST_METHOD}e or %{SERVER_PROTOCOL}e ; - HTTP headers like: %{HTTP_HOST}e or %{HTTP_USER_AGENT}e ; %f: script filename ; %l: content-length of the request (for POST request only) ; %m: request method ; %M: peak of memory allocated by PHP ; it can accept the following format: ; - %{bytes}M (default) ; - %{kilobytes}M ; - %{kilo}M ; - %{megabytes}M ; - %{mega}M ; %n: pool name ; %o: output header ; it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the header: ; - %{Content-Type}o ; - %{X-Powered-By}o ; - %{Transfert-Encoding}o ; - .... ; %p: PID of the child that serviced the request ; %P: PID of the parent of the child that serviced the request ; %q: the query string ; %Q: the '?' character if query string exists ; %r: the request URI (without the query string, see %q and %Q) ; %R: remote IP address ; %s: status (response code) ; %t: server time the request was received ; it can accept a strftime(3) format: ; %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default) ; The strftime(3) format must be encapsuled in a %{<strftime_format>}t tag ; e.g. for a ISO8601 formatted timestring, use: %{%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z}t ; %T: time the log has been written (the request has finished) ; it can accept a strftime(3) format: ; %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default) ; The strftime(3) format must be encapsuled in a %{<strftime_format>}t tag ; e.g. for a ISO8601 formatted timestring, use: %{%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z}t ; %u: remote user ; ; Default: "%R - %u %t \"%m %r\" %s" ;access.format = "%R - %u %t \"%m %r%Q%q\" %s %f %{mili}d %{kilo}M %C%%" ; The log file for slow requests ; Default Value: not set ; Note: slowlog is mandatory if request_slowlog_timeout is set slowlog = /var/log/php-fpm/www-slow.log ; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be ; dumped to the 'slowlog' file. A value of '0s' means 'off'. ; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Value: 0 ;request_slowlog_timeout = 0 ; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will ; be killed. This option should be used when the 'max_execution_time' ini option ; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of '0' means 'off'. ; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Value: 0 ;request_terminate_timeout = 0 ; Set open file descriptor rlimit. ; Default Value: system defined value ;rlimit_files = 1024 ; Set max core size rlimit. ; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0 ; Default Value: system defined value ;rlimit_core = 0 ; Chroot to this directory at the start. This value must be defined as an ; absolute path. When this value is not set, chroot is not used. ; Note: you can prefix with '$prefix' to chroot to the pool prefix or one ; of its subdirectories. If the pool prefix is not set, the global prefix ; will be used instead. ; Note: chrooting is a great security feature and should be used whenever ; possible. However, all PHP paths will be relative to the chroot ; (error_log, sessions.save_path, ...). ; Default Value: not set ;chroot = ; Chdir to this directory at the start. ; Note: relative path can be used. ; Default Value: current directory or / when chroot ;chdir = /var/www ; Redirect worker stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, stdout and ; stderr will be redirected to /dev/null according to FastCGI specs. ; Note: on highloaded environement, this can cause some delay in the page ; process time (several ms). ; Default Value: no ;catch_workers_output = yes ; Clear environment in FPM workers ; Prevents arbitrary environment variables from reaching FPM worker processes ; by clearing the environment in workers before env vars specified in this ; pool configuration are added. ; Setting to "no" will make all environment variables available to PHP code ; via getenv(), $_ENV and $_SERVER. ; Default Value: yes ;clear_env = no ; Limits the extensions of the main script FPM will allow to parse. This can ; prevent configuration mistakes on the web server side. You should only limit ; FPM to .php extensions to prevent malicious users to use other extensions to ; exectute php code. ; Note: set an empty value to allow all extensions. ; Default Value: .php ;security.limit_extensions = .php .php3 .php4 .php5 .php7 ; Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH. All $VARIABLEs are taken from ; the current environment. ; Default Value: clean env ;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME ;env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin ;env[TMP] = /tmp ;env[TMPDIR] = /tmp ;env[TEMP] = /tmp ; Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. These settings ; overwrite the values previously defined in the php.ini. The directives are the ; same as the PHP SAPI: ; php_value/php_flag - you can set classic ini defines which can ; be overwritten from PHP call 'ini_set'. ; php_admin_value/php_admin_flag - these directives won't be overwritten by ; PHP call 'ini_set' ; For php_*flag, valid values are on, off, 1, 0, true, false, yes or no. ; Defining 'extension' will load the corresponding shared extension from ; extension_dir. Defining 'disable_functions' or 'disable_classes' will not ; overwrite previously defined php.ini values, but will append the new value ; instead. ; Note: path INI options can be relative and will be expanded with the prefix ; (pool, global or @prefix@) ; Default Value: nothing is defined by default except the values in php.ini and ; specified at startup with the -d argument ;php_admin_value[sendmail_path] = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f www@my.domain.com ;php_flag[display_errors] = off php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/php-fpm/www-error.log php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on ;php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 128M ; Set data paths to directories owned by process user php_value[session.save_handler] = files php_value[session.save_path] = /var/lib/php/fpm/session php_value[soap.wsdl_cache_dir] = /var/lib/php/fpm/wsdlcache ;php_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/lib/php/fpm/opcache
Systemstart
erster manueller Start
# systemctl start php-fpm.service
Im syslog wird der erfolgreiche Start entsprechend protokolliert.
# tail -n2 /var/log/messages
Jul 21 22:54:28 vml000107 systemd: Starting The PHP FastCGI Process Manager... Jul 21 22:54:28 vml000107 systemd: Started The PHP FastCGI Process Manager.
Ebenso kann man den Status des Daemons mit Hilfe des Befehls systemctl abfragen.
# systemctl status php-fpm.service
● php-fpm.service - The PHP FastCGI Process Manager
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active:active (running) since Fri 2017-07-21 22:54:28 CEST; 4min 6s ago
Main PID: 6470 (php-fpm)
Status: "Processes active: 0, idle: 5, Requests: 0, slow: 0, Traffic: 0req/sec"
CGroup: /system.slice/php-fpm.service
├─6470 php-fpm: master process (/etc/php-fpm.conf)
├─6471 php-fpm: pool www
├─6472 php-fpm: pool www
├─6473 php-fpm: pool www
├─6474 php-fpm: pool www
└─6475 php-fpm: pool www
Jul 21 22:54:28 vml000107.dmz.nausch.org systemd[1]: Starting The PHP FastCGI Process Manager...
Jul 21 22:54:28 vml000107.dmz.nausch.org systemd[1]: Started The PHP FastCGI Process Manager.
Im Verzeichnis /var/log/php-fpm/ werden vom Daemon Logdateien abgelegt. In der Datei error.log wird der Start des Daemon auch entsprechend protokolliert.
# less /var/log/php-fpm/error.log
[21-Jul-2017 22:54:28] NOTICE: fpm is running, pid 6470 [21-Jul-2017 22:54:28] NOTICE: ready to handle connections [21-Jul-2017 22:54:28] NOTICE: systemd monitor interval set to 10000ms
Der Daemon ist nun ohne Fehlermeldung gestartet und wir überprüfen nun, ob der Port 9000 vom Daemon geöffnet wurde.
# netstat -tulpen
Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State User Inode PID/Program name tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:199 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 26573 1098/snmpd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 230280 6470/php-fpm: maste
automatischer Start beim Systemstart
Wollen wir den Daemon beim Hochfahren des Systems automatisch starten, greifen wir auf den Befehl systemctl zurück.
# systemctl enable php-fpm.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/php-fpm.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service.
Möchten wir uns vergewissern, ob der Daemon beim Systemstart gestartet wird oder nicht, erfahren wir ebenfalls mit dem Befehl systemctl.
# systemctl is-enabled php-fpm.service
enabled
Startet der Server nicht automatisch, wird uns ein „disabled“ zurückgemeldet.
… do geds weida
django